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自20世纪80年代以来,中国社会正在经历的是一场具有深远影响和深刻含义的道德转型,而不是一场道德危机。作者的考察在伦理话语和道德实践两个层面展开。方兴未艾的个体主义伦理和随之而来的形形色色的道德变迁都为传统的一元化的道德领域注入动态的、不确定的甚至令人费解的因素,从而不断加强公众关于道德滑坡的感性认识,导致道德危机的警报从80年代以来就不绝于耳。更为重要的是,正在进行中的道德转型同时也是一个充满风险的挑战与应对的过程,其结果如何几乎无可预见。尽管从集体主义伦理向个体主义伦理的转型是根本性的大趋势,强调责任和自我牺牲的集体主义伦理仍然是党和国家大力支持与推行的官方话语并因此而在社会实践中与个体主义伦理竞争话语权。这种矛盾性造成的不仅仅是不同价值观和行为规范上的混乱和纠结,也导致了道德实践中的紧张和冲突,使得当代中国社会的道德景观高度复杂,同时也充满着挑战与机遇。
Since the 1980s, Chinese society is undergoing a moral transformation that has far-reaching and profound implications, not a moral crisis. The author’s investigation is carried out in two aspects: ethical discourse and moral practice. The rising ethics of individualism and the consequent variety of ethical changes all inject dynamic, uncertain and even puzzling factors into the traditional and unified ethical realm, so as to continuously strengthen the public’s perceptual knowledge of moral decline and morality Crisis alerts have been utterly lost since the 1980s. More importantly, the ongoing process of moral transformation is also a risk-taking challenge and response process, and the result is almost unpredictable. Although the transition from collectivism to individualism is a fundamental trend, the collectivist ethics that emphasize responsibility and self-sacrifice are still the official discourses strongly supported and promoted by the party and the state, and thus are in the social practice and individualistic ethics Competitive discourse. This contradiction causes not only confusion and entanglements in different values and codes of conduct, but also tensions and conflicts in moral practice, making the moral landscape of contemporary Chinese society highly complex and full of challenges and opportunities.