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目的了解松江区噪声作业人员职业禁忌证状况,以保护职工健康,为企业用工和职业病防治工作提供依据。方法用流行病学描述性研究方法,对松江区乐都医院2007年10月1日至2008年9月30日检出的噪声作业人员职业禁忌证病例进行统计和分析。结果(1)体检噪声作业人数3470人,男2179人(62.80%),女1291人;共检出职业禁忌证135例,检出率3.89%;其中男性115人,检出率5.28%,构成比85.19%,均高于女性;年龄范围在18～56岁,18岁～74人,30岁～47人,40岁～13人,50岁～1人;岗前体检噪声作业人数1167人,检出禁忌证70人,检出率6.00%;岗间体检2303人,检出禁忌证65人,检出率2.82%。(2)岗前双耳高频听损53例、噪声易感者32例、鼓膜穿孔伴听损19例、慢性中耳炎致听损14例、其他原因致听损13例、高血压病3例、心脏病1例。结论松江区噪声作业人员职业禁忌证特征是男性病例、中青年病例、岗前病例、岗前双耳高频听损病例的比例较高,提示各相关部门应重点突出,加强职业健康教育、职业健康监护。
Objective To understand the status of occupational contraindications in noise workers in Songjiang District in order to protect the health of workers and provide basis for enterprise employment and prevention and treatment of occupational diseases. Methods The epidemiological descriptive research methods were used to count and analyze the occupational contraindications of noise workers detected by Ledu Hospital of Songjiang District from October 1, 2007 to September 30, 2008. Results (1) There were 3470 medical check-up noises, including 2179 males (62.80%) and 1291 females. A total of 135 cases of occupational contraindications were detected, with a detection rate of 3.89%. Among them, 115 were males, with a detection rate of 5.28% Aged from 18 to 56, from 18 to 74, from 30 to 47, from 40 to 13, and from 50 to 1. The number of pre-job noise check-ups was 1,167, 70 were detected contraindications, the detection rate of 6.00%; 2303 were in the physical examination, 65 were contraindications, the detection rate of 2.82%. (2) 53 cases of high frequency hearing loss in preganglionic ears, 32 cases of susceptible noise, 19 cases of tympanic membrane perforation with hearing loss, 14 cases of hearing loss in chronic otitis media, 13 cases of hearing loss in other causes, 3 cases of hypertension 1 case of heart disease. Conclusion The occupational contraindication characteristics of noise workers in Songjiang District are male cases. There is a high proportion of young and middle-aged patients, preganglionic cases and preganglionic high frequency hearing loss cases of both ears, suggesting that relevant departments should focus on strengthening occupational health education and occupational Health care.