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原型理论是一种分级归类或者划分范畴的理论,是认知语言学在研究范畴划分这个基本问题的过程当中发展起来的理论。该理论在各个领域中都有突飞猛进的发展,随着研究日趋深入,在第二语言习得中尤其是词汇习得中得到了很好的应用。因此原型理论在大学英语教学中的应用也成为很多学者日益关注的焦点和研究对象。在大学英语教学过程中,教师可以运用原型理论将讲解的单词或者语法模式看作是原型,以此为中心引导学生积极思考积累并理解相似的词汇及语法,提高学生学习词汇和语法的效率。同时,教师在进行授课设计的时候也可以根据原型理论的相关原则在认知心理方面引导学生自主学习,提高课堂效率。
Prototype theory is a theory of hierarchical classification or division of categories. It is a theory developed by cognitive linguistics in the process of studying the basic problem of category division. The theory has made rapid progress in various fields. With the deepening of research, it has been well applied in second language acquisition, especially vocabulary acquisition. Therefore, the application of prototype theory in college English teaching has also become the focus and research object of many scholars. In the process of college English teaching, teachers can use prototyping theory to treat the vocabulary or grammar pattern as a prototype. As a result, they can guide students to actively think about accumulating and understanding similar vocabulary and grammar, and improve students’ efficiency in learning vocabulary and grammar. At the same time, teachers can also guide the students’ self-directed learning in terms of cognitive psychology in accordance with the relevant principles of prototype theory when designing lectures and improve classroom efficiency.