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2004年以来,我国气象部门大部分站点普遍采用精度为0.1或0.2 mm的翻斗式雨量器,而水文部门相继在2010年普及精度为0.5 mm的翻斗式雨量器,国家级站点基本同时保留国际通行的虹吸式雨量器进行辅助校验。样本采集均按5 min的时长读取降雨过程,滑动截取5min数据统计各指定历时年最大值,公布于《水文年鉴》。基于水文部门公布的《水文年鉴》或气象部门整编的不同时长滑动样本,选择典型雨型、暴雨强度及降雨变化过程,比较不同滑动时长样本得出,各指定历时样本存在一定的差率;通过比较不同滑动时长暴雨强度得出,随着降雨历时及重现期的不断增大,雨强差率变小,逐渐接近实际值;采取插值法在保证暴雨样本统计精度的同时,可大大提高排水设计的精度。
Since 2004, most of China’s meteorological departments have adopted tipping bucket gauges with a precision of 0.1 or 0.2 mm at most sites, and the hydrological department has successively popularized the tipping bucket gauges with a precision of 0.5 mm in 2010. The national stations basically keep the international traffic Siphon rain gauge for auxiliary verification. The samples were collected according to the duration of 5 min reading rainfall process, sliding interception 5min data statistics the maximum value of the specified duration, published in the “Yearbook of Hydrology.” Based on the hydrological yearbook published by the Department of Hydrology or the long-time sliding samples compiled by the meteorological department, typical rainfall patterns, storm intensity and rainfall variation process were selected. The samples with different sliding durations were compared and there was a certain rate of difference between the specified duration samples. By comparing the intensity of rainstorms with different sliding durations, the rainfall intensity difference becomes smaller and closer to the actual value as rainfall duration and period of reappearance increase. By using the interpolation method, the statistical accuracy of stormwater samples can be greatly improved Design accuracy.