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目的分析舟山市定海区在基本消灭疟疾后输入性疟疾的流行特征,为巩固疟疾防治成果提供依据。方法收集舟山市定海区1988—2015年疟疾监测点疫情报告、传染源监测资料、流动人口监测资料,对所有报告的输入性疟疾病例进行流行病学特征分析。结果 1988—2015年定海区共报告55例输入性疟疾病例,占全部疟疾病例的87.30%。其中间日疟33例(60.00%),输入来源以安徽为主(66.67%);恶性疟22例(40.00%),输入来源以非洲国家为主(90.91%)。每年6—10月为发病高峰;病例以20~<50岁的男性劳务输出人员及民工为主。本地外出归国人员的疟原虫阳性检出率为6.92%,高于外来流动人员的1.54%(P<0.05)。结论定海区疟疾病例以输入性病例为主,加强对高疟区返乡人员疟疾防治知识宣传和监测是防治工作的重点。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of imported malaria in Dinghai District of Zhoushan City after the malaria was basically eliminated so as to provide evidence for consolidating the results of malaria control. Methods Epidemiological reports of malaria surveillance spots, source surveillance data and floating population monitoring data from 1988 to 2015 in Dinghai District of Zhoushan City were collected and epidemiological characteristics of all imported malaria cases were analyzed. Results A total of 55 cases of imported malaria were reported in Dinghai District from 1988 to 2015, accounting for 87.30% of the total cases of malaria. Among them, 33 cases (60.00%) were infected with Plasmodium falciparum, the main source of import was Anhui (66.67%), 22 cases were Plasmodium falciparum (40.00%), and the main source of import was African countries (90.91%). June to October each year for the peak incidence; cases of male workers from 20 to 50 years of labor exporters and migrant workers. The positive rate of malaria parasite was 6.92% in local migrant workers, 1.54% higher than that of migrant workers (P <0.05). Conclusion The cases of malaria in Dinghai district are mainly imported cases. Strengthening the propaganda and monitoring of malaria prevention and treatment knowledge among returnees in high malaria area is the key point of prevention and treatment.