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为了研究氯离子、pH值对硝酸铵水溶液热稳定性的影响,采用绝热加热仪对高温状态下硝酸铵水溶液的热稳定性进行了研究。80%硝酸铵水溶液的试验表明,硝酸铵水溶液的临界爆炸温度范围为224～241℃,该爆炸温度范围与参考文献提到的210～260℃硝酸铵的分解特性十分接近,证明使用的测试系统性能良好。在酸性条件下,pH值一定时,氯离子浓度越大,硝酸铵溶液越不稳定,溶液的临界爆炸温度越低;而在碱性和中性条件下,随着温度的增加,氯离子有抑制硝酸铵分解的作用;氯化物存在时,硫酸可促进硝酸铵溶液的分解。
In order to study the effect of chloride ion and pH value on the thermal stability of ammonium nitrate aqueous solution, the thermal stability of ammonium nitrate aqueous solution at high temperature was studied by adiabatic heating. The test of 80% ammonium nitrate aqueous solution shows that the critical explosion temperature of ammonium nitrate aqueous solution is in the range of 224-241 ° C. The explosion temperature range is very close to the decomposition characteristic of ammonium nitrate at 210-260 ° C mentioned in the reference document. It proves that the test system Good performance. Under acidic conditions, the pH value is fixed, the greater the chloride ion concentration, the more unstable the ammonium nitrate solution, the lower the critical explosion temperature of the solution; while in alkaline and neutral conditions, as the temperature increases, the chloride ion has Inhibit the decomposition of ammonium nitrate role; Chloride in the presence of sulfuric acid can promote the decomposition of ammonium nitrate solution.