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在中国东部油区 ,正断层对第三系乃至前第三系的油气成藏、油气分布的控制作用很明显 ,因此对正断层的地震解释显得十分重要。正断层在地震剖面中有多种特征 ,但人们通常认为 :1正断层下降盘地层厚度一定要大于或等于上升盘地层厚度 ;2正断层下降盘应出露新地层 ,上升盘应出露老地层。基于以上认识而导致某些牵强或错误的解释结果出现。本文结合实例从不同期次正断层切割作用、断层负反转、走滑运动及异常体侵入、地震波速度与差异压实等几方面 ,对正断层上升盘地层地震双程旅行时大于下降盘的现象进行解释 ;同时对两种下降盘出露较老地层的正断层进行了分析。
In eastern China oilfield, the normal fault plays an important role in the control of hydrocarbon accumulation and hydrocarbon distribution in the Tertiary and even the Tertiary, so it is very important to interpret the normal fault. Normal faults have many characteristics in the seismic section, but people generally think that: 1 the thickness of the normal downfall plate must be greater than or equal to the thickness of the rising plate; 2 the normal downfall plate should expose the new formation and the rising plate should be exposed Strata. Based on the above understanding led to some forced or wrong interpretation of the results appear. In this paper, from several aspects such as normal fault cutting, negative fault inversion, strike slip and anomalous body intrusion, seismic velocity and differential compaction, the paper analyzes the influence of the normal fault rising disk on the two-way trip The phenomenon is explained; at the same time, two kinds of descending disk exposing the older strata are analyzed.