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采用磷脂脂肪酸(PLFA)法测定了沈阳农业大学棕壤长期定位试验站地膜覆盖条件下土壤微生物磷脂脂肪酸图谱及群落结构。结果表明:在玉米苗期,长期施氮肥处理土壤覆膜后大部分脂肪酸含量都有所提高;施有机肥处理的土壤覆膜后脂肪酸的含量有降低的趋势;有机无机肥配合施用处理的土壤覆膜会增加真菌的含量,但却降低了其他脂肪酸的含量;在不施肥处理的土壤中,覆膜会使一些支链脂肪酸的含量降低。抽雄期,施有机肥的土壤覆膜后除单饱和脂肪酸含量有所下降外,其他脂肪酸都会提高;不施肥土壤覆膜处理双不饱和支链脂肪酸及放线菌标志性脂肪酸10Me18:0的含量会有所提高。成熟期,施氮肥的土壤覆膜处理大部分脂肪酸的含量降低;有机肥处理土壤中各种脂肪酸如:15∶0,a17∶0,i17∶0,i19∶0,18∶0,10Me18∶0含量覆膜高于裸地;有机无机配施处理土壤中17∶0,br17∶0,18∶0,18∶2w6,10Me18∶0含量覆膜处理高于裸地;对照土壤中i15∶0,16∶0,17∶0,a17∶0,18∶0,18∶2w6,19∶0含量覆膜高于裸地。另外,从脂肪酸的变化看出,覆膜处理土壤微生物群落整体结构发生了改变,没有表现出明显的种群优势。但是,尽管土壤的施肥处理不同,覆膜处理土壤微生物群落结构有一致化发展的趋势。
Phospholipid fatty acid (PLFA) method was used to determine the soil microbial phospholipid fatty acid profile and community structure under the conditions of plastic film mulching at Shenyang Agricultural University Brown Soil Long-term Positioning Station. The results showed that the contents of most fatty acids in the maize seedling stage after long-term application of nitrogen fertilizer increased, the content of fatty acid in the soil treated with organic fertilizer tended to decrease, the soil treated with organic-inorganic fertilizer Mulching increases fungal content but decreases the level of other fatty acids; in non-fertilized soils, the film will reduce some of the branched-chain fatty acids. In the tasseling stage, the contents of monounsaturated fatty acids decreased with the application of organic fertilizers, while the contents of other fatty acids increased. The content of 10Me18: 0, the double-stranded fatty acids and actinomycetes, Will be improved. At maturity stage, the content of most fatty acids in the soil mulching treatments decreased with the application of N fertilizer. The contents of various fatty acids such as 15:0, a 17:0, i 17:0, i 19:0, 18:0, 10Me 18:0 Content of coating is higher than the bare land; organic and inorganic application treatment of soil 17:0, br17:0,18:0,18:2 w6,10 Me18:0 content coating treatment is higher than bare land; control soil i15: 0, 16: 0, 17: 0, a17: 0, 18: 0, 18: 2w6, 19: 0. In addition, from the change of fatty acids, the overall structure of soil microbial community under plastic mulching treatment changed, and no obvious population advantage was shown. However, despite the different soil fertilization treatments, the microbial community structure of the treated mulching has a consistent trend of development.