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目的了解北京地区2015年11月-12月流感样病例中人腺病毒感染情况及型别分布特征,为北京地区呼吸道病毒传染病防控策略的制定提供依据。方法选取2015年11月-12月的874份流感样病例,收集病例的临床资料,采集咽拭子样本,采用实时荧光PCR法,进行人腺病毒核酸筛查。核酸阳性的标本进行病毒的分离培养。之后对培养物提取核酸,进行hexon基因扩增,对扩增产物测序和序列比对;采用MEGA 5.0软件进行基因进化树构建和分析。结果874份样本中,共检出人腺病毒核酸阳性19份,阳性率为2.17%(19/874);15岁以下患者阳性检出率最高,为4.15%(13/313)。男、女病毒检出率差异无统计学意义(χ2=1.360,P>0.05)。成功分离到18株人腺病毒,序列比对和进化分析结果显示,人腺病毒基因型别分布为C组HAd V-1(3/18,16.67%)、HAd V-2(3/18,16.67%)、B组HAd V-3型(12/18,66.67%)。结论调查期间北京地区流感样病例中有3种型别的人腺病毒流行,主要流行为HAd V-3型。人腺病毒感染病例主要分布于15岁以下人群。
Objective To understand the prevalence and type distribution of human adenovirus in influenza-like cases in Beijing from November to December in 2015, and to provide a basis for the development of prevention and control strategies for respiratory virus in Beijing. Methods 874 influenza-like cases were collected from November 2015 to December 2015. Clinical data of the cases were collected and throat swab samples were collected. Real-time fluorescence PCR was used to screen human adenovirus nucleic acid. Nucleic acid-positive specimens for virus isolation and culture. Afterwards, the nucleic acids were extracted from the culture, hexon gene amplification was carried out, and the amplification products were sequenced and sequence alignment. The phylogenetic tree was constructed and analyzed by MEGA 5.0 software. Results Among 874 samples, 19 were positive for human adenovirus. The positive rate was 2.17% (19/874). The highest positive rate was 4.15% (13/313) in patients under 15 years of age. There was no significant difference in the detection rate of male and female viruses (χ2 = 1.360, P> 0.05). 18 human adenoviruses were successfully isolated. Sequence alignment and phylogenetic analysis showed that the genotype distribution of human adenovirus was HAd V-1 (3/18, 16.67%), HAd V-2 (3/18, 16.67%), Group B HAd V-3 (12 / 18,66.67%). Conclusions There are three types of human adenovirus circulating in the flu-like cases in Beijing during the survey period, with the major epidemic being HAd V-3 type. Human adenovirus infection cases are mainly distributed in people under 15 years of age.