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目的探讨大鼠颅脑损伤后突触素变化规律并探索其与组织学、影像学的动态变化关系。方法健康3月龄雄性SD大鼠24只,依据突触素检测时间,分为损伤后2周、4周、8周组和对照组共4组,每组6只。其中3个损伤组通过建立大鼠自由落体脑损伤模型,在损伤后24h、2周、4周和8周时通过CT检查观察其颅脑损伤后脑组织的影像学变化,对照组不作损伤处理。同时检测大鼠颅脑损伤后脑组织形态学及影像学变化,并分别于2周、4周、8周使用免疫荧光法及蛋白免疫印迹实验观察受伤后大鼠脑组织突触素表达变化。结果大鼠颅脑损伤后,神经功能评分提示实验组大鼠出现明显神经功能障碍,HE染色提示实验组大鼠受伤24h出现脑细胞水肿、坏死。另外尚可见局部的充血,受伤后2周后出现脑溶解性液化及坏死,而受伤4周及8周后除可见明显组织缺损外,无明显组织学变化。CT检查提示实验组大鼠术后24h呈现全脑明显的低密度影,此后脑组织低密度灶的区域及程度开始减轻,至受伤后2周低密度影已经明显减退,受伤后4周及8周时脑损伤已经不明显,仅可见骨窗缺损。免疫荧光染色及western blot均提示突触素表达于2周下降,第8周略有上升。结论成功建立了Feeney大鼠自由落体脑损伤模型。大鼠颅脑损伤后,突触素在受损急性期呈现下降,持续至脑损伤后第8周开始恢复。突触素的表达随时间变化的规律与影像学、组织病理学变化有关。
Objective To investigate the changes of synaptophysin after craniocerebral injury in rats and to explore its relationship with histology and imaging changes. Methods Twenty-four healthy 3-month-old male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 groups according to the detection time of synaptophysin, including 4 weeks, 8 weeks and 6 control groups. Three of the injury groups established the model of free fall injury in rats and observed the changes of the brain tissue after traumatic brain injury by CT examination at 24h, two weeks, four weeks and eight weeks after injury, while the control group received no injury. At the same time, the morphological and imaging changes of the brain tissue were detected after traumatic brain injury in rats. The expression of synaptophysin in the brain tissue of the injured rats was observed by immunofluorescence and Western blotting at 2 weeks, 4 weeks and 8 weeks respectively. Results After traumatic brain injury in rats, neurological score suggested that rats in experimental group showed obvious neurological dysfunction. HE staining suggested that brain cells were edematous and necrotic in experimental group. In addition, local hyperemia was observed. Brain liquefaction and necrosis occurred 2 weeks after injury. No significant histological changes were found except for visible tissue defects at 4 and 8 weeks after injury. CT examination showed that the experimental group showed obvious low-density whole brain 24 hours after operation, and the area and degree of low-density lesion in brain tissue began to decrease afterwards. Low-density imaging had been significantly reduced 2 weeks after injury, 4 weeks and 8 Weekly brain injury is not obvious, only visible bone defect window. Immunofluorescence staining and western blot suggested that synaptophysin expression decreased at 2 weeks and slightly increased at 8 weeks. Conclusion Feeney rats have been successfully established brain injury model of free fall. After traumatic brain injury in rats, synaptophysin showed a decrease during the acute phase of injury and continued until the eighth week after brain injury. The expression of synaptophysin with time changes with the imaging, histopathological changes.