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以黄色和紫色玛咖品种为试材,采用单因子随机区组设计方法,研究了宁夏南部环六盘山区玛咖品种引进及植株生长动态变化规律。结果表明:玛咖地上部鲜质量和干质量近似呈倒‘V’型变化,地下部鲜质量、干质量、总鲜质量和总干质量近似呈‘S’型变化,5月中旬至9月中旬为玛咖地上部快速生长时期,玛咖叶片数、最大叶长、叶鲜质量、叶干质量均在9月中旬达到最大值,7月中旬至10月中旬为玛咖地下部快速生长时期,根长、根直径、根鲜质量和根干质量均在11月初达到最大,其中以黄色品种表现最优,但品种间差异不显著。说明玛咖生育前期累积的干物质主要用于植株建成,生育后期累积的干物质主要用于肉质根的转移,其生长呈先纵向生长然后横向增粗动态,且在宁夏南部环六盘山区11月中旬肉质根达到最大。
Taking yellow and purple Maca varieties as test materials, single factor randomized block design method was used to study the dynamic changes of Maca variety and plant growth in the Central Liupan Mountains in the south of Ningxia. The results showed that the fresh mass and dry mass of aerial part of maca were approximately inverted V, and the fresh mass, dry mass, total fresh weight and total dry weight of underground part showed an approximately ’S’ shape. From mid May to September In the middle of the rapid growth of the upper part of the Caragana period, the number of maca leaves, the maximum leaf length, fresh leaf quality and leaf quality reached its maximum in mid-September, mid-July to mid-October for the rapid growth of maca subsp. , Root length, root diameter, root fresh weight and root dry weight all reached the maximum in early November, of which the yellow varieties showed the best performance, but the differences among the varieties were not significant. The result showed that the dry matter accumulated during the early period of maca was mainly used for the plant construction. The dry matter accumulated during the later period of growth was mainly used for the fleshy root transfer. The growth of the macadamia grew longitudinally first and then increased transversely. In the western part of Ningxia, The flesh root reaches the maximum in mid-month.