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目的利用表面肌电图(surface Electromyography,s EMG)技术和主观疲劳感觉评分(Rating of Perceived Exertion,RPE)对重复性同侧搬举劳作相关肌肉疲劳进行研究。方法受试者为机电一体化专业10名男性大学生志愿者,将一个5 kg工件从右侧搬至工作台高0.85 M,工作台与箱子之间的水平距离为0.5 m,由工作人员将工件放回原位置,如此反复搬举,完成3次15 min搬举,其中完成1次15 min搬举后休息3 min,在实验过程中,用Brog10主观感觉疲劳评定表记录每5分钟4块肌肉主观疲劳感觉分数。结果在整个实验过程中,s EMG指标中位频率(Median Frequency,MF)和平均功率频率(Mean Power Frequency,MPF),随着搬举时间的延长呈下降趋势,而平均肌电值(average EMG,AEMG)值和主观疲劳感觉分数侧呈上升趋势。采用重复测量方差对MF值、MPF值和AEMG值进行分析,得出右斜方肌的疲劳程度大于左斜方肌;左竖脊肌的疲劳程度大于右竖脊肌。主观疲劳感觉评分从高到低依次是:左竖脊肌、右斜方肌、左斜方肌和右竖脊肌;采用重复测量方差分析对各肌肉在不同阶段的差异性检测,右斜方肌和左竖脊肌差异有统计学意义(P<0.01),左斜方肌差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),右竖脊肌差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论重复性同侧搬举劳作过程中,左右斜方肌之间和左右竖脊肌疲劳程度的不一致,容易引起工作相关肌肉骨骼疾患。建议企业应该根据劳作负荷和时间,科学合理安排作息时间,缓解工作中肌肉疲劳,从而有效预防相关肌肉骨骼的疾病。
OBJECTIVE: To study the muscle fatigue associated with repetitive ipsilateral unloading work using surface electromyography (s EMG) technique and the Rating of Perceived Exertion (RPE). Methods The subjects were 10 males and 10 undergraduates who specialized in mechatronics. They moved a 5 kg work piece from the right side to a workbench height 0.85 M with a horizontal distance of 0.5 m between the workbench and the box. The work piece Put back to the original position, so move repeatedly to complete three 15 min move, which completed a 15 min move and rest for 3 min, during the experiment, with Brog10 subjective feeling of fatigue rating record 4 muscles every 5 minutes Subjective fatigue feeling score. Results During the whole experiment, the median EMF (Median Frequency, MF) and Mean Power Frequency (MPF) decreased with the extension of lifting time, and the average EMG , AEMG) and subjective fatigue sensory scores showed an upward trend. The analysis of MF, MPF and AEMG values using repeated measures of variance showed that the right trapezius muscle had greater fatigue than left trapezius muscle; the left erector spinae had greater fatigue than the right erector spinae muscle. The scores of subjective fatigue perception from high to low were: left erector spinae, right trapezius, left trapezius and right erector spinae; using repeated measures ANOVA to detect the differences of muscle in different stages, There was significant difference between muscle and left erector spine muscle (P <0.01), left trapezius muscle was statistically significant (P <0.05), and right erector spine muscle was not statistically different (P> 0.05). Conclusions In repetitive ipsilateral lifting labor process, the degree of fatigue between right and left trapezius and erector spinae muscle is inconsistent, which may cause work-related musculoskeletal disorders. Suggest that enterprises should work load and time, scientific and rational arrangements for schedule, ease muscle fatigue at work, which effectively prevent the related musculoskeletal diseases.