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早在1960年初,地质学家曾用声波探测法探测了地中海海底的沉积层。从以不同沉积层表面反射回来的声波为依据而绘成的海底沉积层纵剖面上,地质学家发现,海床的许多处在海底软泥之下出现了硬的沉积层。这些沉积层类似于盐穹隆,而盐穹隆一般仅在近岸大陆架才可能发现,它是由古海岸海水蒸发后形成的拱形盐丘。那么在地中海深海海盆中为何会出现这种盐穹隆呢? 为了解答这个问题,揭开史前地中海的秘密,1970年地质学家们又组成了“格鲁玛挑战者号”探测队伍,在这艘深海钻探船的帮助下,在地中海海盆下采得了许多有价值的样品。
As early as the early 1960s, geologists used sound waves to detect sediments in the Mediterranean seabed. From the longitudinal profile of the seabed sediment, which is based on sound waves reflected from different sedimentary surfaces, geologists have found that many of the seabed appear to have hard deposits beneath the seabed. These sediments are similar to salt domes, and salt domes are generally only found on nearshore continental shelf. They are arched salt domes formed by the evaporation of seawater from the ancient coast. Why did this salt dome appear in the deep-sea basin of the Mediterranean Sea? To answer this question and to unravel the secrets of the prehistoric Mediterranean Sea, in 1970 the geologists formed the “Geluoma Challenger” exploration team With the help of this deep-sea drilling vessel, many valuable samples were taken under the Mediterranean basin.