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目的:了解仙游县女性居民对消化道恶性肿瘤相关知识认知度的现状,发现存在的突出问题,探讨有针对性的健康教育策略和措施,为当地卫生行政部门制定规划和政策,建立有效干预模式提供参考依据。方法:应用自行设计问卷对仙游县三个较发达乡镇的女性居民进行调查。结果:女性不良生活行为中,“熬夜”、“不按时吃三餐”的人数超过半数;在癌症危险因素中,认知度较低的为“缺乏运动”和“幽门螺杆菌”;在癌症早期症状中,对“发烧”、“肚子胀”、“大便变细”、“声音嘶哑”的认知度不高;多数女性居民表示愿意获得癌症预防相关知识,但农村女性居民期望获取知识的途径与实际获取知识的途径不相符,其中以“专家咨询、知识讲座”最为突出。结论:仙游县女性对消化道恶性肿瘤相关知识的知晓度相对较低,与职业、年龄、文化程度有关。应有针对性地进行健康教育,以提高女性对消化道恶性肿瘤的认知度与防治意识,改善女性生存质量,降低消化道恶性肿瘤的发病率和死亡率。
OBJECTIVE: To understand the status quo of female residents’ knowledge of digestive tract cancer in Xianyou County, to find the outstanding problems, to explore the targeted health education strategies and measures, to formulate plans and policies for the local health administrative departments and to establish effective Intervention model to provide a reference. Methods: The self-designed questionnaire was used to investigate female residents in three more developed townships in Xianyou County. Results: Among the adverse life behaviors of women, “stay up all night” and “not eat three meals on time” more than half; among cancer risk factors, those with low awareness are “lack of exercise” and “ Helicobacter pylori ”; in the early symptoms of cancer, the awareness of“ fever ”,“ belly bulge ”,“ stool thinner ”,“ hoarse voice ”is not high; most women residents Expressed their willingness to obtain knowledge on cancer prevention, but rural women’s residents’ expectation of access to knowledge did not match with actual access to knowledge, most notably “expert consultation and knowledge lectures.” Conclusion: The female awareness of digestive tract cancer in Xianyou County is relatively low, which is related to occupation, age and education level. Should be targeted for health education to improve women’s awareness of gastrointestinal cancer and awareness of prevention and control to improve the quality of life of women and reduce the incidence of gastrointestinal cancer and mortality.