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目的探讨高高原航线飞行全过程对人体基本认知能力的影响。方法建立以低压低氧模拟舱技术模拟高高原航线的模型,并根据成都双流-拉萨贡嘎航线、成都双流-稻城亚丁航线、成都双流-北京首都机场航线3条航线的实际航空运行中从起飞到降落目标机场及在目标机场停留1 h的全部过程中的驾驶舱相对海拔高度的参数,建立了3条航线在模拟舱中的航线模型。招募60名男性志愿者,随机分配在3条模拟航线中,每条模拟航线有20名志愿者参与试验。志愿者在模拟航线飞行过程中的指点测试点进行认知功能检测,认知测试在平板电脑上呈现,测试任务包括反应速度、工作记忆和注意抑制多个维度,每个维度的测试均记录志愿者完成项目的正确率和反应时指标。认知测试点包括起飞机场(海拔500 m)、降落近进目标机场(拉萨航线海拔3 600 m,亚丁航线海拔4 400 m,北京航线首都机场海拔35 m)、目标机场停留1 h。结果与北京对照航线项目,拉萨航线在降落机场阶段及降落1 h阶段在各个测试维度的正确率和反应时指标上均无显著差异,而亚丁航线在降落近进机场阶段与对照航线和拉萨航线差异不显著,而在驻站1 h后,各维度认知能力均表现出下降趋势(P<0.01),且反应时指标的衰减更为显著。结论 4 400 m海拔高度的亚丁机场驻站停留1 h后认知能力将有所衰减,提示机组人员需严格进行氧气补充,以保证飞行安全。
Objective To explore the influence of the high altitude flight on the basic cognitive ability of the human body. Methods The model of simulating the high altitude route with low pressure hypoxia simulation cabin was established. According to the actual aeronautical operation of the three routes of Chengdu Shuangliu - Lhasa Gongga, Chengdu Shuangliu - Daocheng Yading, Chengdu Shuangliu - Beijing Capital Airport, To the landing of the target airport and stay in the target airport for 1 h in the process of the relative altitude of the cockpit parameters, the establishment of the three routes in the simulation of the flight path model. Sixty male volunteers were enrolled and randomly assigned to three simulated routes with 20 volunteers participating in the trial on each simulated route. The volunteers performed cognitive function tests at the pointing test points during simulated flight routes. The cognitive tests were presented on the tablet. The testing tasks included multiple dimensions of reaction speed, working memory and attention suppression. Each dimension of the test recorded volunteers The completion of the project the correct rate and reaction time indicators. The cognitive test points include the departure airport (elevation 500 m), landings near the target airport (3 600 m above sea level at Lhasa, 4 400 m above sea level at Aden, 35 m above sea level at Beijing Capital International Airport) and 1 h at the target airport. Results Compared with the Beijing-based route project, Lhasa route showed no significant difference in the accuracy and response time of each test dimension at the airport landing phase and the landing phase of 1 h, while the flight of Aden at the approach airport phase and the control route and Lhasa route There was no significant difference between the two groups. After 1 h of stationing, the cognition ability of all dimensions showed a decreasing trend (P <0.01), and the decay of indicators was more significant. Conclusion At Aden airport station at 4 400 m altitude, the cognitive ability will be attenuated after staying for 1 h, which indicates that crew members should strictly carry out oxygen supplement to ensure flight safety.