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本文从数理统计方法入手,以变量遵从正态分布为前提,计算分析了北隍城、老虎滩、小长山三个海洋水文站(以下简称三个站)18年(其中老虎滩为16年—下同)的表层水温的均值(日平均值—下同)、标准差(或方差)和变异系数。在此基础上,我们对三个站以三种置信率,逐月对单站表层水温总体均值μ和两个站表层水温总体均值之差μ_1-μ_2,以及单站上的总体标准差σ的置信区间作了估算。从而得出三个站上μ和σ的置信间距同观测序列数n与给定置信率之间的量值关系。
This article starts with the mathematical statistics method, and takes the normal distribution of variables as the premise, and calculates and analyzes the Beidaicheng, Laohutan, Xiaochangshan three marine hydrological stations (hereinafter referred to as the three stations) for 18 years (of which Tiger Beach is 16 years - the same below) surface water temperature mean (daily average - the same below), standard deviation (or variance) and coefficient of variation. On this basis, we calculated the difference μ_1-μ_2 of the total mean μ of the surface water temperature at a single station and the population mean of the surface water temperature at two stations by three confidence levels at three stations, and the total standard deviation σ at the single station Confidence intervals have been estimated. The relationship between the confidence interval μ and σ of the three stations and the observed sequence number n and the given confidence rate is obtained.