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历经十多年的改革,市场经济的改革取向最终成为党内外的共识和追求的目标。但在追求这一目标的过程中,我们面临着一个艰巨的历史性课题:如何完成对国有资产管理经营体制的改革。要进行国有资产管理经营体制改革,首先应对国有资产进行科学的分类,在此基础上,确定新型的分类管理的办法和体制。国有资产大体上可分为三类:第一类是非经营性国有资产,即在国家党务、行政、事业、国防等部门中,由政府财政历年支出形成的、不用于盈利活动的资产存量,对这类资产主要应以资产登记制进行管理;第二类处资源性国有资产,即由国家垄断所有、政府统一管理的,以土地、矿产、森林、水源等自然形态存在的资产存量,这类资产主要由政府予以保护和进行合理开发利用,当进行开发利用吋,应主要以直接授权或公开拍卖的方式,实现其价值,并作为政府财政收入的一个重要来源;第三类是经营性国有资产,即在国有企业中,由国家历年投资及由这种投资直接产生的利润累积形成的、以盈利为目的进行经营的资产存量,这类资产存量对整个国民经济的
After more than a decade of reforms, the reform orientation of the market economy has finally become the consensus and pursuit goal of the party. However, in the process of pursuing this goal, we are faced with a arduous historical task: how to complete the reform of the management system of state-owned assets. To carry out the reform of the state-owned assets management system, the state-owned assets should first be classified scientifically, and on this basis, new methods and systems for classification management should be determined. State-owned assets can be broadly divided into three categories: The first category is non-operating state-owned assets, that is, the stock of assets that are not used for profit-making activities in the government’s party affairs, administration, business, national defense, etc. Assets of this type should be managed mainly by the asset registration system; the second category is resource-based state-owned assets, ie stocks of assets that are owned by state monopolies and managed by the government in a natural form such as land, minerals, forests, and water sources. Assets are mainly protected by the government and properly developed and utilized. When development and utilization are carried out, the value should be realized mainly by way of direct authorization or public auction, and be an important source of government revenue; the third category is the operating state-owned Assets, that is, the stock of assets operated for profit in the state-owned enterprises, accumulated by the country’s past years of investment and the profits generated directly from such investments, and the stock of such assets is for the entire national economy.