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目的了解西藏拉萨市肠道寄生虫感染的流行现状。方法 2014年在拉萨市采用分层随机整群抽样的方法选取城关区、当雄县、达孜县、曲水县的常住人口为调查对象,采用Kato-Katz法(一粪三检)检测土源性线虫感染情况;3~12岁儿童加做透明胶纸肛拭法检测蛲虫(Enterobius vermicularis)。用碘液染色法检测肠道原虫。对各虫种感染率的性别分布、年龄分布、职业分布进行统计描述,比较分析各虫种的感染率。结果本次调查共抽样1 015人,平均年龄(39.3±18.2)岁,最小的1岁,最大的89岁;其中男性391人(38.6%);女性623人(61.4%)。寄生虫总感染人数为249人,总感染率为24.5%(249/1 015);其中带绦虫(Taenia sp.)感染220例,感染率为21.7%(220/1 015);鞭虫(Trichuris trichiura)、蛲虫感染各2例,感染率均为0.2%(2/1 015);结肠内阿米巴(Entamoeba coli)感染42例,感染率为4.1%(42/1 015);蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫(Giardia lamblia)感染4例,感染率为0.4%(4/1 015);布氏嗜碘阿米巴(Iodamoeba butschlii)感染2例,感染率为0.2%(2/1 015);未检出其他寄生虫。男性带绦虫、鞭虫、蛲虫、结肠内阿米巴、蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫、布氏嗜碘阿米巴的感染率分别为21.2%(83/391)、0、0.3%(2/391)、5.4%(21/391)、0.8%(3/391)、0,女性感染率分别为22.0%(137/624)、0.3%(2/624)、0.2%(1/624)、3.4%(21/624)、0.2%(1/624)、0.3%(2/624),各虫种感染率性别间差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。年龄分布分析结果显示,0~、18~、30~、40~、50~和60~岁组的带绦虫感染率分别为10.9%(18/165)、14.0%(18/129)、23.0%(43/187)、25.3%(61/241)、26.5%(41/155)和28.3%(39/138),0~与40~、50~和60~岁组间感染率差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。结肠内阿米巴、鞭虫和布氏嗜碘阿米巴的感染率最高出现在50~岁组,分别为6.5%(10/155)、0.7%(1/155)和1.3%(2/155);蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫的感染率最高出现在18~岁组,为1.6%(2/129);各年龄组间感染率差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。职业分布分析结果显示,带绦虫、结肠内阿米巴、蛲虫、布氏嗜碘阿米巴的感染率均以农民为高,分别为44.5%(147/330)、6.4%(21/330)、0.6%(2/330)和0.3%(1/330);鞭虫感染率以家庭妇女为高,为2.5%(1/40);蓝氏贾第鞭毛虫感染率以学生为高,为0.7%(1/134)。结论拉萨市调查人群中存在多种肠道寄生虫感染,其中带绦虫的感染率最高,其他寄生虫的感染率处于较低水平。
Objective To understand the prevalence of intestinal parasitic infection in Lhasa, Tibet. Methods In 2014, stratified stratified random cluster sampling method was adopted in Lhasa to select the resident population in Chengguan District, Dangxu County and Qushui County as the survey subjects. Kato-Katz method Enterobius vermicularis was detected in 3 to 12-year-olds with translucent adhesive tape anal swabs. Detection of intestinal protozoa with iodine staining. The infection rate of each species of the sex distribution, age distribution, occupational distribution of statistical description, comparative analysis of the infection rate of each species. Results The survey a total of 1 015 samples, the average age (39.3 ± 18.2) years old, the youngest 1 year old, the largest 89 years; of which 391 were male (38.6%); female 623 (61.4%). The total number of parasites was 249, with a total infection rate of 24.5% (249/1 015). Among them, Taenia sp. Infected 220 cases with an infection rate of 21.7% (220/1 015). Trichuris trichorhinoma and trichorhynchus were detected in 2 cases, the infection rate was 0.2% (2/1 015), 42 cases were infected with Entamoeba coli, and the infection rate was 4.1% (42/1 015) 4 cases were infected with Giardia lamblia, the infection rate was 0.4% (4/1 015); 2 cases were infected with Iodamoeba butschlii, the infection rate was 0.2% (2/1 015) No other parasites were detected. The infection rates of tapeworm, whipworm, pinworm, Entamoeba coli, Giardia lamblia, and Amoebic amylococcus were 21.2% (83/391), 0,0.3% (2 / The infection rate of women was 22.0% (137/624), 0.3% (2/624), 0.2% (1/624), 3.4% (21/624), 0.2% (1/624) and 0.3% (2/624) respectively. There was no significant difference in the infection rates of each species (P> 0.05). The age distribution analysis showed that the infection rates of tapeworms in 0, 18, 30, 40, 50 and 60 years old groups were 10.9% (18/165), 14.0% (18/129) and 23.0% (43/187), 25.3% (61/241), 26.5% (41/155) and 28.3% (39/138) respectively. There was a statistically significant difference in the rates of infection between 0 and 40, 50 and 60 years old Significance (P <0.01). The highest infection rates of Enterobacter amebiasis, Trichuris trichinae and Amnesia amnioticum were found in the 50-year-old group, which were 6.5% (10/155), 0.7% (1/155) and 1.3% (2/155 ). The highest infection rate of Giardia lamblia was found in the 18 ~ year old group, which was 1.6% (2/129). There was no significant difference in infection rates among all age groups (P> 0.05). Occupational distribution analysis showed that the infection rates of Taenia colonnae, Enterobacter agglomerans, pinworm and Mycobacterium fortuitum were all higher than those of peasants, which were 44.5% (147/330), 6.4% (21/330 ), 0.6% (2/330) and 0.3% (1/330) respectively. The prevalence of whipworm was 2.5% (1/40) in domestic women. The prevalence of Giardia lamblia was high among students, 0.7% (1/134). Conclusion There are many intestinal parasitic infections in the surveyed population in Lhasa, among which the highest infection rate of tapeworms and the lowest infection rates of other parasites.