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碳酸盐岩储层作为油气勘探领域中的重要研究目标,其波场特征变化极为复杂,为提高对该类储集层多波地震资料的认知度,高精度数值模拟是行之有效的方法之一。这里在各向同性弹性波方程基础上,推导了纵波、横波分离方程,运用高阶交错网格有限差分技术与PML边界吸收技术,高精度模拟地震波在碳酸盐岩储层中的传播,得到了该类储层模型中的弹性波全波场,也分离出纵波信息和转换波波场信息,并保留了各自能量信息。同时结合AVO技术分析了弹性波在碳酸盐岩储层中AVO响应特征,并通过对储层理论模型进行试算,分析研究该类储层中的波场响应特征及传播规律,为碳酸盐岩储层的识别与预测提供参考依据,更能满足复杂油气田勘探开发的实际需要。
As an important research target in the field of oil and gas exploration, carbonate reservoirs have extremely complicated changes of wave field characteristics. High-precision numerical simulation is effective in enhancing the recognition of multi-wave seismic data of such reservoirs One of the ways. Based on the isotropic elastic wave equations, the equations of longitudinal wave and shear wave separation are deduced. Using the high-order staggered grid finite difference technique and the PML boundary-absorbing technique, the propagation of high-precision seismic waves in carbonate reservoirs is obtained. The elastic wave full-wave field in this type of reservoir model also separates the P-wave information and the converted wavefield information and retains their respective energy information. At the same time, the AVO response characteristics of elastic waves in carbonate reservoirs are analyzed with AVO technique. By analyzing the reservoir theoretical model, the wave field response characteristics and propagation rules in this reservoir are analyzed and studied. Salt rock reservoir identification and prediction provide a reference basis to better meet the actual needs of exploration and development of complex oil and gas fields.