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目的掌握本底资料、制定适宜的监测方案,为政府部门制定防控措施提供科学依据。方法运用现场流行病学调查方法,在沙漠沿线区域,采集啮齿动物、蚤类和指示动物标本,进行鼠密度、种类、血清学、病原学检测。结果八师石河子荒漠区域内啮齿动物九类,鼠密度6.7只/公顷、蚤指数3.97、染蚤率100%;体外寄生蚤十二种。仅动物及人间血清有阳性标本检出,镜检、培养、噬菌体试验均为阴性。结论大沙鼠和子午沙鼠是荒漠区域内主要鼠种,臀突客蚤、粗鬃客蚤、簇鬃客蚤为主要寄生蚤。
Objective To grasp the background information, to develop appropriate monitoring programs for the government departments to develop prevention and control measures to provide a scientific basis. Methods Rodent, flea and animal specimens were collected from the area along the desert using on-site epidemiological investigation. Rat density, species, serology and etiology were detected. Results Nine species of rodents in the Shihezi desert area of the eight divisions included a rat density of 6.7 / ha, a flea index of 3.97 and a rate of flea infection of 100%. Twelve species of parasitic fleas were also found. Only animal and human serum positive specimens detected, microscopic examination, culture, phage test were negative. Conclusion The gerbils and meristem are the main species in the desert, flea buttocks flea, fleece flea, tufted flea fleas as the main parasitic fleas.