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一前言至元十八年(1281),元朝頒佈《授時曆》。它是中國歷史上行用最久的曆法,從元代一直行用至明末,集古代曆法之大成,是中國古代曆法的最高成就〔1〕。其天體計算方法更有重大的創新〔2〕。除了運算方法,明清曆書的内容與形式跟唐宋差别較大:比如,唐宋之具注曆日將七十二候單列於曆日欄之下,並有龐雜占卜術載於年曆之前,或插注於年曆的月日欄之中;明清之具注曆日,七十二候卻是每六候集中列於每月首欄的
A foreword to the Yuan eighteen years (1281), Yuan Dynasty promulgated the “calendar”. It is the oldest calendar used in Chinese history, from the Yuan Dynasty until the end of the Ming Dynasty, the culmination of ancient calendar, is the highest achievement of ancient Chinese calendar [1]. The celestial calculation method is more significant innovation (2). In addition to the method of operation, the contents and forms of the calendar in the Ming and Qing dynasties are quite different from those in the Tang and Song dynasties: for example, the Tang and Song dynasties list the seventy-second semester under the calendar columns, and there are numerous divination books before the calendar. Or annotated in the lunar calendar lunar column; Ming and Qing Dynasties with calendar days, seventy-two but it is concentrated on the first column of every month when the first column