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近年来,随着福建省沿海地区经济的持续发展和人口的不断增加,海洋开发力度的不断增大,近岸海域环境状况及其面临的形势都发生了较大变化。该文统计了10年来(2005年-2014年)福建省近岸海域环境质量监测、入海河流监测、直排海污染源监测的数据和结果,研究了福建省近岸海域环境状况的发展趋势。研究表明,福建省近岸海域水环境恶化趋势得到初步遏制,部分海域水质状况级别均为差或极差。福建省近岸海域主要污染因子为无机氮、活性磷酸盐,陆地面源入海是近岸海域富营养化的根本来源。分析了近岸海域环境存在的问题及其原因,并对今后的近岸海域环境保护工作提出建议,为政府部门制定环境保护决策、法律法规提供理论参考和依据。
In recent years, along with the sustained economic development and increasing population in the coastal areas of Fujian Province and the continuous increase of marine development, the environmental conditions in the coastal waters and the situation they face have undergone great changes. This paper collects the data and results of environmental quality monitoring, sea-going river monitoring and in-situ monitoring of pollution sources in coastal waters in Fujian Province over the past 10 years (2005-2014), and studies the development trend of the environmental conditions in coastal waters of Fujian Province. The research shows that the deterioration of water environment in coastal areas of Fujian Province has been preliminarily contained, and the water quality level in some sea areas is poor or poor. The main pollutants in coastal waters of Fujian Province are inorganic nitrogen and active phosphates. The entry of land surface sources into the sea is the basic source of eutrophication in coastal waters. This paper analyzes the problems existing in coastal environment and their causes, and puts forward suggestions for future environmental protection in coastal waters and provides theoretical reference and basis for government departments to make environmental protection decisions and laws and regulations.