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目的:观察急性抗阻运动及不同比例糖和蛋白营养干预对男子力量项目运动员尿雄激素变化的影响。方法:18名男子力量项目(拳击、健美)运动员,分为糖加高蛋白补充组(HP组,糖和蛋白比例为3:1)、糖加低蛋白补充组(LP组,糖和蛋白补充比例为6:1)及纯糖补充对照组(C组),所有受试者进行相同的抗阻运动,先进行4组70%1RM深蹲动作,每组8次,组间休息60 s,第4组完成后休息90 s;随后完成4组50%1RM深蹲动作,第1、2组重复8次,后两组重复至不能完成动作为止,组间休息60 s,第4组完成后休息150 s;接下来完成4组70%1RM卧推动作,组间休息60 s,第4组完成后休息90 s;最后完成4组50%1RM卧推动作,第1、2组重复8次,后两组重复至不能完成动作为止,组间休息60 s。采用气相质谱色谱仪(GC-MS)测定运动前、运动后即刻及次日晨尿雄激素。结果:急性运动后即刻各组尿本胆烷醇酮及雄酮比运动前显著升高(P<0.05),组间无差异。运动后次日晨,HP组和LP组尿5α-雄烷二醇和5β-雄烷二醇比运动前显著升高(P<0.05),组间比较HP组5α-雄烷二醇和5β-雄烷二醇显著高于LP、C组(P<0.05)。结论:急性抗阻运动及糖和蛋白营养干预能加速男子力量项目运动员性腺雄激素和肾上腺雄激素转化和代谢,促进睾酮向双氢睾酮转化,有利于脂肪分解和糖酵解,促进机体运动后疲劳恢复。
Objective: To observe the effects of acute resistance exercise and different proportion of sugar and protein nutrition on the changes of urinary androgen in athletes of male power. METHODS: Eighteen men’s power athletes (boxers, bodybuilders) were divided into three groups: high-protein plus sugar group (HP group, sugar and protein ratio of 3: 1) (6: 1) and pure sugar supplemented control group (C). All subjects were subjected to the same resistance exercise. Four groups of 70% 1RM squats were performed in each group for 8 times with 60 seconds resting between groups. After the completion of the fourth group 90 s rest; then completed 4 groups of 50% 1RM squat action, the first group 1,2 repeated 8 times, the latter two groups to repeat the action can not be completed until the rest of the group 60 s, after the completion of the fourth group Rest for 150 seconds; then complete 4 sets of 70% 1RM bench press action, rest for 60 seconds between groups, rest for 90 seconds after the completion of the fourth group; finally complete 4 sets of 50% 1RM bench press actions, repeat 1 and 2 for 8 times After the two groups were repeated until they could not complete the action, the rest between groups was 60 s. Urinary androgen levels were determined by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) before exercise, immediately after exercise, and on the following morning. Results: Immediately after acute exercise, urinary cholinesterase and androsone increased significantly (P <0.05), but no difference between the two groups. Urine 5α-androstanediol and 5β-androstanediol in HP group and LP group were significantly higher than those before exercise (P <0.05), and between the two groups, 5α-androstanediol and 5β-male Alkanediol was significantly higher than LP, C group (P <0.05). Conclusion: Acute resistance exercise and intervention of sugar and protein can accelerate the transformation and metabolism of gonadal and androgen of androgen, and promote the conversion of testosterone to dihydrotestosterone, which is good for lipolysis and glycolysis and promote the body movement Fatigue recovery.