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目的:回顾性分析温州地区2007-2013年无偿献血者艾滋病(HIV)感染情况,为采供血机构开展合理有效的无偿献血宣传、招募和检测工作提供依据。方法:依据《全国艾滋病检测技术规范(2009版)》和《血站技术操作规程(2012版)》对献血者标本进行检测。采用SPSS 16.0对数据进行统计分析(P<0.05为差异有统计学意义)。结果:本地区无偿献血人群中HIV感染率为0.024%(130/53 9199)。男性献血者HIV阳性率为0.032%,明显高于女性献血者阳性率0.013%(χ2=19.45,P<0.01);>35~45岁献血者中HIV阳性率为0.053%,为各年龄段最高(χ2=25.85,P<0.01);初中以下、高中/中专及学历不详献血者的阳性率分别为0.043%、0.024%和0.029%,明显高于大专以上学历组(χ2=21.38,P<0.01)。结论:温州地区无偿献血人群中HIV感染率呈增长态势,应加强献血前的健康征询和预防艾滋病的宣传力度(尤其是低学历青壮年男性等重点人群),同时应该尽快采用核酸检测技术,以最大限度地降低窗口期感染的风险,保证临床用血的安全。
Objective: To retrospectively analyze the HIV infection status of unpaid blood donors from 2007 to 2013 in Wenzhou, and to provide a basis for reasonable and effective unpaid blood donation, recruitment and testing of blood collection and delivery agencies. Methods: Blood donors were tested according to the “National AIDS Testing Technical Specification (2009 Edition)” and “Blood Station Technical Operating Procedures (2012 Version)”. Data were analyzed statistically using SPSS 16.0 (P <0.05 for the difference was statistically significant). Results: The HIV prevalence in the blood donors in the area was 0.024% (130/53 9199). The positive rate of HIV was 0.032% in male blood donors, which was significantly higher than that of female donors (χ2 = 19.45, P <0.01). The positive rate of HIV in blood donors aged 35-45 was 0.053%, which was the highest in all age groups (χ2 = 25.85, P <0.01). The positive rates of blood donors with junior high school, high school, secondary technical school and education unknown were 0.043%, 0.024% and 0.029% respectively, which was significantly higher than that of junior college education (χ2 = 21.38, P < 0.01). Conclusion: The prevalence of HIV infection in unpaid blood donors in Wenzhou shows an increasing trend. Health counseling and prevention of AIDS before blood donation should be strengthened (especially in low-educated young men and other key populations). At the same time, nucleic acid detection should be adopted as soon as possible Minimize the risk of window infection, to ensure the safety of clinical blood.