冬麦易遭冻害地区黄芽麦的种植问题

• 作 者: 恽仲坤
• 机 构: 新湖农场试验站
• 出 处: 新疆农业科学
• 发表日期: 1984年04期
• 关键词: 冻害 黄芽 准噶尔盆地 芳草湖 越冬期间 莫索湾 年平均 降雪 干热风 播前灌

新疆冬麦越冬期间常有不同程度的死亡,冻害严重年份死苗面积达200万亩以上.特别是地处准噶尔盆地的古尔班通古特沙漠南缘的莫索湾垦区、芳草湖垦区和新湖垦区,多数年份降雪晚而少,历年平均稳定积雪在12月中旬末,个别年份冬季地面无雪覆盖,故20年来冬麦遭受不同程度冻害的有12年,其中3年冻害率在90%以上,损失面积达几十万亩.因此,有些单位已大量压缩冬麦面积,扩大春麦面积.但这些地区还应种植一定面积的黄芽麦(冬麦临冬播种,以发芽或萌动状态在土壤中越冬,也叫抱蛋冬麦),否则不利于确保夏季粮食作物的增产.

Winter wheat winter in Xinjiang often have varying degrees of death, severe frost damage dead area of ​​200 mu, especially in the Junggar Basin Gulbantonggut desert southern margin of Mossowan reclamation area, Grass Lake reclamation area And Xinhu Reclamation Area, most of the year is late with less snowfall. The average annual stable snowfall over the years is at the end of December. There is no snow cover on the winter ground in some years, so the winter wheat suffered freezing damage in varying degrees for 20 years, of which 12 years, In some areas, the area of ​​winter wheat has been greatly reduced, and the area of ​​spring wheat expanded. However, a certain area of ​​yellow malt should also be planted in these areas (winter wheat winter planting in order to sprout or Germination in the soil overwintering, also known as holding egg winter wheat), otherwise not conducive to ensuring the summer crop yield.