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朱熹的语音学思想不仅仅体现在叶音说上,在朱熹的训诂实践中,还有一些积极的观点能反映出他的语音学思想,主要包括朱熹对古音、古韵的朦胧认识,对音转现象的认识和以方言证古的思想。即以叶音说而论,因为朱熹所标注的叶音的性质是当时的实际语音,这对于我们研究宋代的语音系统具有重要的应用价值。比如歌韵与麻韵的读音在《广韵》时代与在朱熹时代还是有所发展变化的,表现在《广韵》时代,歌戈韵是同用的,麻韵是独用的,而朱熹时代歌韵与麻韵可以相押,说明二者的主元音在趋于一致。朱熹虽然没有形成系统的上古音观念,但是在注解古籍的过程中已经有了朦胧的古音、古韵与当时语音不同的意识,因为在朱熹的训诂著作中曾明确提到过“古音”“古韵”等说法。音转现象是语言中客观存在的一种现象,朱熹在当时的历史条件下已经能够正确认识到音转现象的存在。他运用自己的古音知识对“声转”关系的判断,在上古音研究取得突破性进展的今天得到了充分的验证。方言是语言活的化石,具有保存古音的功能。通过考察方言来探究古代语言的面貌,是朱熹训诂的又一重要方面。我们应该对朱熹这些思想上的闪光点予以充分肯定,正确评价朱熹在中国音韵学史上的地位。
Zhu Xi’s phonetic thinking is not only reflected in Ye Yin. In Zhu Xi’s exegesis and practice, there are some positive opinions that can reflect his phonetic thinking, including Zhu Xi’s obscure understanding of ancient sounds and ancient rhyme, The phenomenon of understanding and dialect of ancient ideas. That is to say in terms of leaf sound, because the nature of leaf sound marked by Zhu Xi is the actual voice of the time, which is of great value for us to study the phonetic system of the Song Dynasty. Such as song and Ma Yun’s pronunciation in the “Guangyun” era and in the era of Zhu Xi is still some development and change, manifested in the “Guangyun” era, Gegeyun is the same, Ma Yun is unique, and Zhu Xi The era of song and Ma Yun can be held, indicating that the two major vowels tend to be consistent. Although Zhu Xi did not form a systematic concept of the ancient sound, he had already had a vague awareness of the ancient sounds, ancient rhymes and voices of the time in the process of annotating the ancient books because he explicitly mentioned “Gu Yin” in his writings on Zhu Xi. “Ancient rhyme ” and other sayings. Tune-turn phenomenon is an objective phenomenon in language. Under the historical conditions of the time, Zhu Xi has been able to correctly recognize the existence of Tune-turn phenomenon. His use of his ancient knowledge of the sound of “sound to turn ” the judgment of the ancient sound in the study made a breakthrough in today’s progress has been fully verified. Dialects are living fossils of language, with the function of preserving ancient sounds. Studying dialects to explore the face of ancient languages is another important aspect of Zhu Xi’s exegesis. We should fully affirm Zhu Xi’s ideological bright spots and correctly evaluate Zhu Xi’s position in the history of Chinese phonology.