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美国已投资数百万美元用于农业流域治理,但人们对流域治理和保护工作所取得的远期效益却知之甚少,有关各项优化治理措施(BMPs)远期的运行状况和对水质影响的相关资料也不多见。普度大学的K.S.Bracmort等在实地勘测的基础上,针对原始设计方案中的草皮水道、固坡工程、田畦工程及水平梯田提出评估方法。其有效性由专家组来评定,可靠性则通过评分人(非专家)组内相关性来验证,并采用3分制评分系统。将已完全发挥功能且仍满足设计要求的某项BMP评为3分,将已失去设计功能的某项BMP评为1分。用该方法对70年代末期印第安纳州布莱克河流域工程所实施的各项措施进行了评估。研究表明,在某些情况下,BMPs在超过了其设计寿命后仍能正常发挥作用,但是应注意,BMPs的使用寿命是有限的,在流域规划治理中应明确地考虑这一点。
The United States has invested millions of dollars in agricultural watershed management. However, little is known about the long-term benefits of watershed management and protection. The long-term operational status and impact on water quality of the various optimized management measures (BMPs) The relevant information is rare. K.S.Bracmort, Purdue University, based on the field survey, put forward the evaluation methods for the grass-roots waterway, slope-fixing works, farmland works and terraced fields in the original design plan. The validity is assessed by a panel of experts, while the reliability is verified by the relevance of the panelist (non-expert) group using a 3-point scoring system. A BMP that has been fully functional and still meets design requirements is rated as 3 points and a BMP that has lost its design features is rated as 1 point. Using this methodology, various measures implemented by the Black River Basin Project in Indiana in the late 1970s were evaluated. Studies have shown that in some cases, BMPs still function properly beyond their design life, but it should be noted that the useful life of BMPs is limited and should be explicitly considered in watershed planning and governance.