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本研究采用微卫星 (SSR)分子标记技术 ,对我国不同生态区的 6个春小麦品种 (系 )及北方冬麦区的 17个冬小麦品种 (系 ) D染色体组的遗传多样性进行了分析。结果显示 ,2 3个微卫星引物在 2 3份材料间共扩增出 6 5个等位基因 ,平均每个引物为 2 .9个。分析发现 ,冬小麦群体内检测到的等位基因数 (6 0个 )及平均遗传距离 (0 .4 5 0 4 )明显高于春小麦 (48个和 0 .344 9) ,说明冬小麦较春小麦群体内存在更大的遗传差异 ,但总体来看 ,我国普通小麦 D染色体组的遗传变异较小 ,遗传基础狭窄 ,其中以 1D染色体最为突出 ,平均每个引物仅扩增出 2个等位基因。本文对拓宽我国普通小麦 D染色体组遗传基础的策略及方法也进行了分析和讨论。
In this study, microsatellite (SSR) molecular markers were used to analyze the genetic diversity of D-chromosomes in six winter wheat cultivars (lines) and 17 winter wheat cultivars (lines) in different ecotopes of China. The results showed that 23 microsatellite primers amplified 6 5 alleles in 23 batches of materials, with an average of 2.9 for each primer. The results showed that the number of alleles (60) and the average genetic distance (0.454) detected in winter wheat were significantly higher than that of spring wheat (48 and 0.344 9) However, on the whole, the genetic diversity of common wheat D genome in China was small and the genetic basis was narrow. Among them, chromosome 1D was the most prominent, with only 2 alleles per primer. This paper also analyzes and discusses the strategies and methods to broaden the genetic basis of D genome in common wheat in China.