论文部分内容阅读
优良自交系黄早四是我国玉米育种和种子生产中最重要的骨干材料之一，它具有配合力高、植株紧凑、综合农艺性状好的突出特点，因而被广泛应用。近二十年来，由黄早四组配的杂交种，经省市以上审定推广的就有４２个，黄早四杂交种累计推广面积达６亿亩以上，每年种植面积在５千万亩以上，为我国玉米育种和生产作出了巨大的贡献。由它组配的玉米杂交种株型紧凑或半紧凑，我国紧凑型玉米杂交种的选育和高产栽培研究得到了很大的发展。黄早四还是我国重要的种质材料，一大批黄早四衍生系及其杂交种育成。本文还讨论了优良地方种质的重新筛选改良，杂种优势模式和建立自交系发放制度等问题。
Huangzao 4, an excellent inbred line, is one of the most important backbone materials for maize breeding and seed production in China. It has been widely used because of its salient features of high combining ability, compact plants and good agronomic characters. In the past 20 years, 42 hybrid varieties approved by Huangzao 4 have been approved by provinces and municipalities for approval. The hybridization area of Huangzao 4 has accumulated more than 600 million mu, with an annual acreage of more than 50 million mu , Made a tremendous contribution to China’s maize breeding and production. The maize hybrids assembled by it are compact or semi-compact, and the breeding and high-yielding cultivation of compact maize hybrids in China has been greatly developed. Huangzao Si is also an important germplasm material in China. A large number of derived varieties derived from Huangzao 4 and their hybrids have been bred. This article also discussed the problems of re-selection and improvement of fine local germplasm, heterosis patterns and establishment of an inbred line distribution system.