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进入江户时代,历来颇受尊重的中国文化受到日本知识界的质疑和挑战。朱子学之外的儒家各派,或为复兴中国先秦孔孟之道,或致力于儒家思想的实学化和日本化,都对朱子学的理气之辩等命题提出了质疑。国学家出于狭隘的民族主义,以日本为世界中心,对中国进行了全面否定。兰学家以西方科学和思想为依据,出于实用主义,提出了中国思想已经不合时宜。“江户三学”对中国的认知虽然不尽相同,但都不同程度地否定了中国及中国文化,并对近代日本人的中国观产生了不同的影响。
Entering the Edo period, Chinese culture, which has always been respected, has been challenged and challenged by Japanese intellectual circles. The various schools of Confucianism other than Zhu Xi questioned the propositions such as the debate between Confucianism and Confucianism in order to rejuvenate Confucius and Mencius in pre-Qin China or devote themselves to the real-learning and Japaneseization of Confucianism. Because of narrow nationalism and with Japan as the center of the world, Chinese scholars completely negated China. Based on Western science and thought, the Lancaster proposed that Chinese thought out of accord with pragmatism. Although their cognition of China is different from each other, the “Three Schools of Edo” denied the Chinese and Chinese cultures to varying degrees and exerted different influences on the Chinese view of modern Japanese people.