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哈萨克斯坦是中亚面积最大的国家,是我国的重要邻邦,了解和研究其语言生态及语言政策意义非凡。本文从历史、民族、人口、宗教与语言五个方面综述了哈萨克斯坦的语言生态,并从地位规划、本体规划和习得规划三方面梳理了哈萨克斯坦的语言政策。文章指出哈萨克斯坦是个多民族、多语言和多文化的国家,其语言政策的最大任务是处理好哈萨克语和俄语的关系。
Kazakhstan is the largest country in Central Asia and an important neighbor of our country. It is of great significance to understand and study its language ecology and language policy. This article summarizes the language ecology of Kazakhstan from the aspects of history, nation, population, religion and language. It also sorts out the language policy of Kazakhstan from three aspects: status planning, ontology planning and acquisition planning. The article points out that Kazakhstan is a multi-ethnic, multilingual and multicultural country. Its utmost language policy is to handle the relationship between Kazakh and Russian.