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近十几年来,透射电子显微镜(TEM)在地质科学方面获得了越来越广泛的应用。尤其是矿物的显微结构和构造的研究,已成为不可缺少的手段和方法。近十年来,结合高温高压岩石力学实验技术,利用TEM对实验变形岩中各种矿物的显微构造特征进行许多研究,揭示变形岩石中矿物的显微构造与其所经历的应力、温度、应变速率等环境条件之间的一系列关系。并总结出估算天然变形岩石形成时差异应力的古应力计。本文利用不同力学成因的断层岩中的石英,经离子轰击减薄后,进行了TEM的观察研究。结果表明,地质成因不同,其显微构造特征明显不同。主要认识如下:
For more than a decade, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has gained more and more widespread use in geosciences. In particular, the study of the microstructure and structure of minerals has become an indispensable means and method. In the last ten years, many studies have been conducted on the microstructural characteristics of various minerals in deformed rocks by TEM, combining with the experimental techniques of high temperature and high pressure rock mechanics. The results reveal that the microscopic structure of minerals in the deformed rocks and the stresses, temperatures and strain rates A series of environmental conditions such as a series of relations. And summed up the ancient stress gauge to estimate the differential stress of natural deformation rock formation. In this paper, different mechanics of quartz in fault rock, reduced by ion bombardment, the TEM observation. The results show that different geological causes, the microscopic structural features significantly different. The main understanding is as follows: