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在新南威尔士,刑法在环境污染控制方面的作用,成为公众近来议论的焦点。1989年该州颁布了《环境犯罪与惩治法》。依照这个法律,法人犯该法新规定之罪的,最高可以判处一百万元的罚金,对个人可以判处七年以下有期监禁。但这些规定并不是立法在环境污染控制领域的新开端,在此之前,一些政策性措施就已被通过并实施。一、新规定的犯罪1989年的《环境犯罪与惩治法》创制了下列一些新的罪名:1.未经合法许可,故意或过失地以有害或可能有害于环境的方式处理废物的行为;2.未经合法许可,故意或过失地以有害或可能有害于环境的方式,引起任何物质从容器中渗漏、溢出、外泄的行为(以下称为“基本的犯罪”)。
In New South Wales, the role of criminal law in environmental pollution control has become the focus of public discussion recently. In 1989 the state promulgated the “Environmental Crime and Punishment Act.” According to this law, a corporation that commits a crime prescribed in the new law may be sentenced to a maximum fine of one million yuan and to an individual for a term of imprisonment of not more than seven years. However, these provisions are not the new legislation in the field of environmental pollution control, after which a number of policy measures have been adopted and implemented. I. New offenses The Environmental Crime and Punishment Act of 1989 created the following new charges: 1. The act of disposing of waste intentionally or negligently, in a manner that is harmful or potentially harmful to the environment; 2 Anything that leaks, spills, or leaks from a container (hereinafter referred to as “basic crime”) in a manner that is harmful or may be harmful to the environment, willfully or negligently, without lawful permission.