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分析不同基因型小麦品种逆境萌发过程中种子萌发相关酶活性及基因表达差异,明确在逆境条件下,种子活力与种子萌发相关酶活性及基因表达量的关系.通过标准发芽试验和逆境(冷浸、人工老化、干旱胁迫)发芽试验,测定4个小麦品种种子活力、萌发过程中可溶性总糖和可溶性蛋白含量、α-淀粉酶活性、半胱氨酸蛋白酶活性及相关基因表达量.结果表明:干旱、人工老化和冷浸胁迫3种逆境对种子活力都有一定影响.不同萌发条件下,可溶性总糖含量呈现先小幅度升高后小幅度降低再迅速升高的趋势;而可溶性蛋白含量随着萌发时间的延长呈现逐渐下降的趋势.α-淀粉酶活性整体呈现逐渐升高的趋势,但在冷浸胁迫处理后,豫农949和轮选061的α-淀粉酶活性在萌发60 h后出现下降.半胱氨酸蛋白酶活性整体呈先降低后升高的趋势,但在干旱胁迫条件下,豫农949、豫麦49-198和轮选061的半胱氨酸蛋白酶活性呈现先升高后降低再升高的趋势.不同逆境萌发条件下,α-AMY(α-淀粉酶基因)表达量整体呈先上升后下降的趋势.冷浸胁迫处理后,轮选061的α-AMY表达量高于对照,在其他逆境萌发条件下,4个品种的α-AMY表达量均低于对照;人工老化处理后,长4738的CP(半胱氨酸蛋白酶基因)表达量与对照差异不显著,在其他逆境萌发条件下,4个品种的CP表达量均高于对照.种子萌发期间,不同萌发条件下α-淀粉酶和半胱氨酸蛋白酶活性与其基因表达并没有直接关系,α-淀粉酶活性与可溶性总糖含量达到显著正相关,半胱氨酸蛋白酶活性与可溶性蛋白含量的相关性不显著.在标准发芽条件下,α-淀粉酶活性与活力指数呈显著正相关,而在逆境萌发过程中,其相关性不显著.冷浸胁迫处理后,半胱氨酸蛋白酶活性与活力指数呈显著正相关,但在标准发芽、干旱胁迫、人工老化处理后,其相关性不显著.
The relationship between seed germination activity and gene expression related to seed germination and seed germination under different stress conditions was clarified by comparing the differences in enzyme activities and gene expression related to seed germination during the stress germination of different wheat cultivars.Through standard germination tests and adversities , Artificial aging and drought stress), the seed vigor, the content of total soluble sugar and soluble protein, the activity of α-amylase, the activity of cysteine protease and the expression of related genes in four wheat varieties were determined.The results showed that: Under drought conditions, drought stress, artificial aging and cold-soaked stress all had some effects on seed vigor.The total soluble sugar content increased slightly at first and then decreased slightly and then increased rapidly.The content of soluble protein The germination time showed a gradual downward trend.α-amylase activity overall showed a gradual increase in the trend, but after the cold-tolerant stress treatment, Yu Nong 949 and rotation of 061 α-amylase activity after 60 h germination (P <0.05) .The cysteine protease activity decreased first and then increased, but under the condition of drought stress, the activities of Yu Nong 949, Yu Mai 49-198 The cysteine protease activity of rotation 061 showed the tendency of first increasing, then decreasing, and then increasing.The expression of α-AMY (α-amylase gene) increased firstly and then decreased under the different adversity germination conditions. The expression of α-AMY in rotation 061 was higher than that in the control under the condition of immersion stress. The expression of α-AMY in the four cultivars was lower than that in the control under the condition of other adversity germination. After the artificial aging treatment, the length of CP Cystine protease gene) was not significantly different from the control, under the condition of other adversity germination, the CP expression of the four cultivars were higher than that of the control.During the seed germination, the α-amylase and cysteine Protease activity was not directly related to its gene expression, α-amylase activity and soluble total sugar content reached a significant positive correlation, cysteine protease activity and soluble protein content was not significant.At standard sprouting conditions, α-starch There was a significant positive correlation between enzyme activity and vigor index, but no significant correlation in the process of adversity germination.After caspase-treatment, there was a significant positive correlation between cysteine protease activity and vigor index, but under standard germination and drought stress , Artificial After treatment, the correlation is not significant.