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在1953年开始的树木育种研究项目中,湿地松(Pinus elliottii)和长叶松(P.pa-lustris)已经历了三个阶段的选择——初选优株、家系和家系内选择。选择时采用了好几个性状,但没有建立性状的选择指数。现已取得三个子代21年或22年测定的研究结果,二个在湿地松、一个在长叶松。初选优株对树高和抗梭锈病(Cronartium quercuum)的增益中等,但直径的增益不佳。家系间选择主要针对梭锈病的抗性,此性状增益甚大,但单株树高,胸径和材积增益小或为负值。家系内选择、树高、胸径均有增益,单株材积产量增益为6—11％,抗梭锈病的总增益,湿地松为144—198％,长叶松为65％。对于这两种树种,本研究对抗梭锈病的改进占有最重要的地位。同时,在家系间就诸如抗梭锈病此类重要性状进行选择后,为获得其它重要性状(在家系间选择时未考虑的性状)的增益,必须进行家系内选择。
Among the tree breeding research projects that began in 1953, Pinus elliottii and P. paxustris have undergone three stages of selection - primaries, families and families. Several traits were used for selection, but no selection index was established for traits. The results of the 21-year or 22-year determinations of three progeny have now been obtained, two in Pinus elliottii and one in Longyearbyen. The primaries had a moderate gain in tree height and Cronartium quercuum, but the gain in diameter was poor. The resistance among the pedigrees was mainly aimed at the shuttle rust, and the trait of this trait was very large. However, the tree height per plant, the DBH and the volume gain were small or negative. In the pedigree, the tree height and DBH both had gain. The yield gain per plant was 6-11%, and the total gain against shuttle rust was 144-198% for Slash pine and 65% for P. glabra. For both species, the improvement of this study against shuttle rust occupies the most important position. In the meantime, after selecting among the pedigrees the selection of such important traits as shuttle-resistant rust, a family-based selection must be made to gain the benefit of other important traits (traits not considered in the choice between the families).