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目的:研究严重先天缺牙症青少年女性患者的牙颌面形态特征,探讨严重先天缺牙对牙颌面生长发育的影响。方法:选取36例12～16岁的严重先天缺牙症青少年女性患者(先天缺失牙齿≥6颗,第三磨牙除外)进行X线头影测量分析,与45例不缺牙的个别正常牙合青少年女性患者比较。结果:缺牙组人群中下颌切牙最高发,上颌中切牙最少累及。缺牙者蝶鞍-鼻根点-上颌骨下棘点(SNA)角、蝶鞍-鼻根点-颏上点(ANB)角、Y轴角、下颌平面-前颅底平面角(MP-SN角)、上颌长(Ans-Ptm)、全面高(N-Me)、下面高(Ans-Me)、UI-NA角、UI-NA距显著减小。结论:严重先天缺牙可以引起青少年女性患者Ⅲ类错牙合、上颌骨发育不足、上前牙舌倾、全面高以及下面高减小。
OBJECTIVE: To study the morphological features of the dento-maxillofacial region in adolescent female patients with severe achilles tendonosis and to study the effects of severe congenital and edentulous dentition on the growth and development of the dentin and maxillofacial region. Methods: Thirty-six young adolescent girls with severe birth defects aged from 12 to 16 years old (excluding ≥6 teeth with congenital absence, excluding third molars) were examined by X-ray. Compared with 45 cases of normal occlusion of adolescent Comparison of female patients. Results: The highest incidence of mandibular incisors in maxillary dentition group and the maxillary central incisor involvement were the least. SNA angles of the maxilla, sella - nasal point - ANB angle, Y-axis angle, mandibular plane - anterior cranial base plane angle (MP- SN angle), Ans-Ptm, N-Me, Ans-Me, UI-NA and UI-NA. Conclusion: Serious congenital edentulous patients can cause type Ⅲ malocclusion in adolescent female patients, lack of maxillary hypoplasia, tilting of upper extremity teeth, total height and lower height.