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芝麻(Sesamum indicum)核雄性不育系ms86-1姊妹交后代表现为可育、部分不育(即微粉)及完全不育(简称不育)3种类型。不同育性类型的花药及花粉粒形态差异明显。Alexander染色实验显示微粉植株花粉粒外壁为蓝绿色,内部为不均一洋红色,与可育株及不育株花粉粒的染色特征均不相同。为探明芝麻微粉发生机理,在电子显微镜下比较观察了可育、微粉、不育类型的小孢子发育过程。结果表明,可育株小孢子母细胞减数分裂时期代谢旺盛,胞质中出现大量脂质小球;四分体时期绒毡层细胞开始降解,单核小孢子时期开始出现乌氏体,成熟花粉时期花粉囊腔内及花粉粒周围分布着大量乌氏体,花粉粒外壁有11–13个棱状凸起,表面存在大量基粒棒,形成紧密的覆盖层。不育株小孢子发育异常显现于减数分裂时期,此时胞质中无脂质小球出现,细胞壁开始积累胼胝质;四分体时期绒毡层细胞未见降解;单核小孢子时期无乌氏体出现;成熟花粉时期花粉囊腔中未发现正常的乌氏体,存在大量空瘪的败育小孢子,外壁积累胼胝质,缺乏基粒棒。微粉株小孢子在减数分裂时期可见胞质内有大量脂质小球,四分体时期部分绒毡层发生变形,单核小孢子时期有部分绒毡层开始降解;绒毡层细胞降解滞后为少量发育进程迟缓的小孢子提供了营养物质,部分小孢子发育为正常花粉粒;这些花粉粒比较饱满,表面有少量颗粒状突起,但未能形成覆盖层,花粉囊腔中及小孢子周围存在少量的乌氏体。小孢子形成的育性类型与绒毡层降解是否正常有关。
Sesamum (Sesamum indicum) nuclear male sterility ms86-1 sibling cross-generation represented as fertile, partially sterile (ie, powder) and completely sterile (referred to as infertility) 3 types. Anther and pollen grains differed significantly in different fertility types. The results of Alexander staining showed that pollen grains were blue-green on the outer wall and non-uniform magenta on the outer surface. Pollen grains were different from those of sterile and sterile plants. In order to find out the mechanism of sesame micronutrient, microspore development of fertile, micropowder and sterile type was observed under electron microscope. The results showed that during the meiosis period of fertile plants, the meiosis of the microspore mother cells was exuberant and there were a large number of lipid globules in the cytoplasm. The tapetum cells began to degrade in the tetrad stage, In the pollen period, a large amount of bauxite was distributed around the pollen grains and around the pollen grains. The outer wall of the pollen grains had eleven-thirteen prism-shaped bulges, and a large number of grit sticks were formed on the surface to form a tight coating. Microspore dysplasia in infertile plants appeared in meiosis stage, when no lipid globules appeared in the cytoplasm, callose began to accumulate in cell wall, no tapetum cells were observed in tetrad stage, no microspore stage in monocyte There was no normal uranium in the pollen cysts of mature pollen stage. There were a large number of sterile microspores which were empty and empty, and callose was accumulate in the outer wall and lack of basal bar. During the meiosis period, the microspores of the powdery plant showed a large number of lipid globules in the cytoplasm, some of the tapetum deformed during the tetrad stage, some of the tapetum began to degrade during the period of mononuclear microspore, and the tapetum cells lagged Some small microspores developed into normal pollen grains. Some of these pollen grains were full, with few granular protrusions on the surface, but they did not form the covering layer. The pollen cavities and the microspores around There is a small amount of billet. The type of microspore-forming fertility is related to the degradation of tapetum.