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1 研制含硼再生铁的必要性 硼铸铁引进及在气缸套产品上的应用已用二十多年历史,由于其各项技术标准均已标定,国内在中小型内燃机气缸套上的产量已近2000万支,发展非常迅速和成功。 硼铸铁气缸套在国外其含量大体上可分为两档,一档为超硼铸铁(其含硼量大于0.08％),另一档为普通硼铸铁(其含硼量为0.035％～0.08％),目前国内应用最多的为后者。硼元素的加入经历了由硼砂、硼铁合金,发展至今多为应用含硼的矿石加入的方法。硼砂由于需经脱水处理后在铁水包中加入,其吸收率很不稳定,较难保证其成分要求,人们只是在试验过程中采用此方法,在投入批量试制中,则均以硼铁合金配入(硼铁合金硼量为24％)。但由于硼铁合金为生产硼钢用的铁合金,国内产量有限,而且由于电炉熔剂价格非常昂贵,各厂在开始生产后,均由含硼的矿石代替了硼铁合金。开始阶段各厂均用含硼量较高的青海产的柱硼镁石(B_2O_3含量达42.46％),但由于开采困难无法保障供应,进而改用湖南来阳产硼矿石(B_2O_3含量达11％),其氧化硼含量虽然较低且不均匀但仍能应用。进入九十年代需求量过猛,供求有难,这为各缸套生产厂带来了更大困难。作为货源的补充,一种含氧化镁接近40％。硼镁矿石开始应用,但含硼量低,且不均匀,B_2O_3含量在5％～17％间波动,用?
1, the need to develop boron-containing reclaimed iron Boron imported and applied to the cylinder liner products over 20 years of history, due to its technical standards have been calibrated, the domestic production of small and medium-sized internal combustion engine cylinder liner almost 20 million, very rapid and successful development. Boron cast iron cylinder liner in its content abroad can be divided into two parts, a file for the super-boron cast iron (boron content greater than 0.08%), another file for the ordinary boron cast iron (boron content of 0.035% ~ 0.08% ), Currently the most used for the latter. The addition of boron has gone through the borax, ferroboron alloy, the development of the application of boron ore more often. Borax dewatering due to be added after the hot metal ladle, the absorption rate is very unstable, more difficult to ensure the composition of its requirements, people just use this method in the test process, put into batch trial production, are allocated to the boron-iron alloy (Boron ferroboron content of 24%). However, since ferroboron is a ferroalloy for producing boron steel, the domestic output is limited, and since the electric furnace flux is very expensive, all the plants replaced the ferroboron by the boron-containing ore after the start of production. In the initial stage, each plant used the plexigalite (B_2O_3 content of 42.46%) produced in Qinghai with high boron content, but could not guarantee the supply due to the exploitation difficulties, and instead used boron ore from Hubei Province (B_2O_3 content of 11% ), Although its boron oxide content is low and non-uniform but can still be applied. Into the nineties demand too much, supply and demand are difficult, which for each cylinder production plant has brought greater difficulties. As a supplement to supply, a magnesium oxide containing nearly 40%. Boron and magnesia began to be used, but the content of boron was low and uneven. The content of B 2 O 3 fluctuated between 5% and 17%