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目的:分析眼轴长度及玻璃体腔容积与增生性糖尿病视网膜病变(PDR)的关系。方法:回顾性研究。2018年1月至2019年3月在郑州大学第一附属医院接受玻璃体切除联合硅油填充术的PDR Ⅵ期的42例(42只眼)为PDR组；同期2型糖尿病无糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)者42例(42只眼)为无DR组；单纯孔源性视网膜脱离无糖尿病32例(32只眼)为RRD组。3组所有患者均无明显屈光不正，对比3组间眼轴长度及玻璃体腔容积。结果:PDR组眼轴长度(22.34±0.96)mm，短于无DR组(23.74±0.39) mm(n t＝3.448，n P＝0.002)。PDR组眼轴长度短于RRD组(23.32±0.90)mm(n t＝3.151，n P＝0.003)。眼轴长度无DR组与RRD组差异无统计学意义(n t＝1.114，n P＝0.277)。PDR组玻璃体腔硅油填充量(4.16±0.14)ml，小于RRD组(4.38±0.15)ml，(n t＝0.990，n P＝0.012)。n 结论:PDR患者的眼轴更短、玻璃体腔容积更小。眼轴长度及玻璃体腔容积似可作为临床医生分析DR进展及预后的重要参考指标。“,”Objective:To analyse the association of axial length and volume of vitreous cavity with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR).Methods:This was a retrospective study. In this study, all patients were hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University from Jan. 2018 to Mar. 2019. Forty-two eyes of 42 cases of phase VI PDR who received vitrectomy combined with silicone oil tamponade were included as the PDR group. Forty-two eyes of 42 cases of type 2 diabetic patients without diabetic retinopathy (DR) were included as the non-DR group at the same period. And 32 eyes of 32 cases of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment(RRD) without diabetic were included as the RRD group. No obvious ametropia was found in all patients among the three groups. The axial length and volume of vitreous cavity were compared among the three groups.Results:The axial length of the PDR group was (22.34±0.96) mm, which was statistically shorter than (23.74±0.39) mm in the non-DR group (n t=3.448, n P=0.002). The axial length of the PDR group was shorter than(23.32±0.90)mm in the RRD group(n t=3.151, n P=0.003). There was no significant difference in axial length between the non-DR group and the RRD group (n t=1.114, n P=0.277). The volume of silicon oil of vitreous cavity in the PDR group was (4.16±0.14)ml, which was significantly less than the(4.38±0.15) ml in the RRD group (n t=0.990, n P=0.012).n Conclusion:PDR patients have shorter axial length and smaller volume of vitreous cavity than non-DR patients and RRD patients. These two parameters are presumably suitable as valuable indicators for clinicians to predict the progress and prognosis of diabetic retinopathy.