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目的通过分析沈阳市近年来流行性腮腺炎发病水平和流行特征,探讨其控制对策。方法利用描述流行病学方法对沈阳市2005—2010年流行性腮腺炎疫情报告资料进行分析。结果 2005—2010年沈阳市流行性腮腺炎年均报告发病率为51.64/10万,各年度发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05);4—7月、12月至次年1月报告发病数分别占全年报告发病数的42.50%、21.02%;男女性别比为1.62∶1,男性年均报告发病率为63.00/10万,女性年均报告发病率为39.98/10万,男女流行性腮腺炎年均报告发病率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。发病年龄以4～14岁年龄组为主,占72.02%;学生、幼托儿童报告发病数分别占全部报告发病数的64.80%、15.83%。结论该市应加强学校和托幼机构传染病防治工作领导,落实各项防控措施;健全各项规章制度,实施规范化管理;开展流行性腮腺炎流行趋势预测,及时做出预警分析;加强卫生宣传和健康教育,提高人群防范意识和水平;做好暴发疫情的应急处理,有效控制疫情蔓延。
Objective To analyze the incidence and epidemic characteristics of mumps in recent years in Shenyang and to explore its control strategy. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the epidemiological data of mumps from 2005 to 2010 in Shenyang City. Results The annual incidence of mumps in Shenyang from 2005 to 2010 was 51.64 / 100 000, with significant difference between the years (P <0.05). The reports from April to July and December to January of the following year The incidence rates were 42.50% and 21.02% respectively. The male / female ratio was 1.62:1. The average annual incidence rate of male was 63.00 / 100000. The annual average incidence rate of female was 39.98 / The average reported incidence of mumps was statistically significant (P <0.05). The age of onset was mainly in the age group of 4-14 years old, accounting for 72.02%. The number of reported cases of children and child care children respectively accounted for 64.80% and 15.83% of the total reported cases respectively. Conclusion The city should strengthen leadership in prevention and control of communicable diseases in schools and nurseries, implement various prevention and control measures, perfect rules and regulations, implement standardized management, carry out epidemic mumps epidemic trend forecast, make early warning analysis in time, and strengthen health Publicity and health education so as to raise the awareness and level of crowd prevention; handle emergency outbreaks and effectively control the spread of the epidemic.