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从广义力与流的角度,探讨了传递现象的共同本质,即各种强度量势场梯度作用下的能流和流。运用非平衡态热力学的相关理论,推导了多势场影响下的传递唯象方程。根据非平衡态热力学分析不可逆过程的一般步骤,提出确定传递唯象方程力与流的两种方法,体现了热力学和传输学在传递研究中的学科交叉。对热电耦合现象的应用分析表明,基于非平衡态热力学的传递唯象方程,能够完整、深入地揭示不可逆效应之间的耦合关系。
From the point of view of generalized force and flow, the common nature of transmission phenomena is discussed, that is, the energy flux and the flow under the gradients of various intensity potential fields. Using the theory of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, we derive the transfer phenomenological equation under the influence of multi-potential field. According to the non-equilibrium thermodynamic analysis of the general steps of irreversible process, two methods to determine the force and flow of the phenomenological equation are proposed, which embodies the interdisciplinary research in thermodynamics and transmission science. The application analysis of thermoelectric coupling phenomenon shows that the non-equilibrium thermodynamic transfer phenomenological equation can fully and deeply reveal the coupling relationship of irreversible effects.