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目的:探究引发儿童哮喘的过敏原,并评价其临床意义。方法:取我院2013年4月至2016年12月我院的126例患儿,其中哮喘组63例,对照组63例,通过皮肤点刺试验检测过敏原。结果:通过检测,≤3岁组,哮喘组的阳性率16.67%(3/18)较对照组的阳性率5.88%(1/17),差异明显(P<0.05);~7岁组,哮喘组的阳性率40.00%(10/25)较对照组的阳性率16.67%(4/24),差异明显(P<0.05);~15岁组,哮喘组的阳性率43.33%(13/20)较对照组的阳性率27.27%(6/22),差异明显(P<0.05)。哮喘组的屋尘螨阳性率(23.81%,15/63)较对照组(7.94%,5/63),差异显著(P<0.05);哮喘组的粉尘螨阳性率(26.98%,17/63)较对照组(9.52%,6/63),差异显著(P<0.05)。结论:在儿童哮喘过敏原的检测方法中,皮肤点刺试验是较为方便、安全、准确性高的首选方法。
Objective: To investigate the allergens that cause asthma in children and evaluate their clinical significance. Methods: Totally 126 children in our hospital from April 2013 to December 2016 were selected, including 63 asthma patients and 63 control patients. Allergens were detected by skin prick test. Results: According to the test, the positive rate of asthma group was 16.67% (3/18), 5.88% (1/17) in control group, ≤3 years old, the difference was significant (P <0.05) The positive rate of 40.00% (10/25) was 16.67% (4/24) in the control group (P <0.05), and the positive rate was 43.33% (13/20) in the group of ~ 15 years old and the asthma group Compared with the control group, the positive rate was 27.27% (6/22), the difference was significant (P <0.05). The positive rate of house dust mites in asthma group was 23.81% (15/63) compared with that in control group (7.94%, 5/63) (P <0.05). The positive rates of dust mite in asthma group were 26.98% and 17/63 ) Than the control group (9.52%, 6/63), the difference was significant (P <0.05). Conclusion: In the detection of allergens in children with asthma, skin prick test is more convenient, safe and accurate method of choice.