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目的观察游泳训练对胰岛素抵抗大鼠白细胞介素6(IL-6)和过氧化物酶体增殖物激活受体γ(PPAR-γ)表达的影响,初步探讨游泳训练改善胰岛素抵抗的作用机制。方法 8周龄正常雄性大鼠30只随机分为:正常饮食对照组(n=9),高脂高糖喂养造模组(n=21)。喂养6周后,将造模成功的18只胰岛素抵抗大鼠再随机分为2组:①模型组(n=9):继续予高脂高糖饮食;②运动组(n=9):高脂高糖喂养加游泳训练。造模6周和干预6周后采血,全自动生化分析仪测空腹血糖,放射免疫法测各组小鼠空腹胰岛素,计算胰岛素敏感指数(ISI)。干预6周后留取肝脏和大网膜脂肪组织,逆转录聚合酶链反应(RT-PCR)法检测IL-6、PPAR-γmRNA表达。免疫组化法测肝脏组织PPAR-γ蛋白表达。HE染色观察肝脏组织病理学变化。结果高脂高糖饲养6周后,造模组的空腹血糖、空腹胰岛素均高于对照组,其ISI低于对照组(ISI:-5.24±0.34比-4.11±0.33,P<0.01)。6周干预后,与模型组比较,运动组脂肪和肝脏组织IL-6mRNA表达降低(均P<0.05),ISI升高(lnISI:-5.10±0.31比-5.51±0.16,P<0.05),PPAR-γmRNA表达增加(P<0.05);免疫组化法中模型组肝脏组织PPAR-γ蛋白表达高于对照组,低于运动组(均P<0.05)。结论游泳训练可以明显改善胰岛素抵抗。可能与上调PPAR-γ、下调IL-6的表达有关。
Objective To observe the effect of swimming training on the expression of interleukin 6 (IL-6) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPAR-γ) in rats with insulin resistance and to explore the mechanism of swimming training in improving insulin resistance. Methods Thirty normal 8-week-old male rats were randomly divided into normal diet control group (n = 9) and model group with high-fat and high-sugar diet (n = 21). After feeding for 6 weeks, 18 insulin-resistant rats were randomly divided into 2 groups: ① model group (n = 9): continue to high-fat and high-sugar diet; ② exercise group (n = 9) Fat high-sugar feeding plus swimming training. Blood samples were collected 6 weeks after intervention and 6 weeks after intervention. Fasting blood glucose was measured by automatic biochemical analyzer. Fasting insulin was measured by radioimmunoassay in each group. Insulin sensitivity index (ISI) was calculated. Liver and omental adipose tissue were collected 6 weeks after intervention, and the expression of IL-6 and PPAR-γmRNA was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Immunohistochemical detection of liver tissue PPAR-γ protein expression. Histopathological changes of liver were observed by HE staining. Results The fasting blood glucose and fasting insulin in the model group were higher than those in the control group after 6 weeks of feeding high fat and high glucose. The ISI of the model group was lower than that of the control group (ISI: -5.24 ± 0.34 vs. -4.11 ± 0.33, P <0.01). Compared with the model group, IL-6mRNA expression in adipose tissue and liver decreased (all P <0.05), ISI increased (lnISI: -5.10 ± 0.31 vs -5.51 ± 0.16, P <0.05), PPAR (P <0.05). The expression of PPAR-γprotein in model group was higher than that in control group (P <0.05). Conclusion Swimming training can significantly improve insulin resistance. It may be related to up-regulating PPAR-γ and down-regulating the expression of IL-6.