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目的调查青铜峡市地方性氟中毒病区改水后氟斑牙及氟骨症患病情况,以评价其改水防治效果。方法采用流行病学抽样调查的方法,对青铜峡市2006年已改水的高氟重病区叶盛镇叶盛5队,高氟轻病区大坝镇新桥5队(原高桥4队),未改水的大坝镇滑石沟5队共670名儿童和1400名25岁以上成人分别进行了氟斑牙和氟骨症的调查。结果改水与未改水地区儿童氟斑牙患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=9.954,P﹤0.05);改水与未改水地区氟骨症患病率差异有统计学意义(χ2=13.098,P﹤0.05);改水后水氟浓度为0.24～0.32mg/L。结论青铜峡市地方性氟中毒病区经改水降氟后,饮用水符合卫生要求,但氟斑牙及氟骨症尚存在一定程度的流行,还未达到完全控制。
Objective To investigate the prevalence of dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis in endemic fluorosis area in Qingtongxia City in order to evaluate its water-control effect. Methods The method of epidemiological sampling was used to investigate the relationship between Ye Sheng 5 groups in Ye Sheng town and 5 groups in Xinbaqiao of Daqiu town ), A total of 670 children in the Talogou 5 team in Dam Township, a water-free dam, and 1,400 adults over the age of 25 were investigated for dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis. Results There was significant difference in the prevalence of dental fluorosis between water-amended and non-water-changed areas (χ2 = 9.954, P <0.05). There was significant difference in the prevalence of skeletal fluorosis = 13.098, P <0.05). The water fluoride concentration was 0.24-0.32mg / L after the water was changed. Conclusion The endemic fluorosis area in Qingtongxia City has been water-hygroscopic and fluoride-free, and its drinking water meets the hygienic requirements. However, dental fluorosis and skeletal fluorosis still exist to a certain degree and have not yet reached complete control.