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目的：为开展经鼻蝶窦垂体瘤切除术及功能性鼻窦内窥镜手术提供垂体窝区的解剖学基础。方法：对５０个头部标本的鞍区正常垂体以及鞍隔孔的显微解剖观测。结果：①正常垂体的形状主要有扁圆形、球形及三角形三种，其前后径为１０．１±１．６ｍｍ，左右径为１４．３±２．０ｍｍ，上下径为６．５±１．４ｍｍ；②鞍隔孔的形状主要有圆形及椭圆形两种，其孔径：圆形直径为７．０±１．９ｍｍ；椭圆形左右径为９．５±１．８ｍｍ，前后径为７．２±１．４ｍｍ。结论：垂体与颈内动脉间的关系及鞍隔孔的大小对临床实际工作具有直接的指导意义。
Objective: To provide an anatomical basis for the pituitary fossa region for transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection and functional endoscopic sinus surgery. Methods: Microscopic anatomical observation of the normal pituitary and saddle septa in the sellar area of 50 head specimens. Results: ① The shape of normal pituitary is mainly oblate, spherical and triangular with anteroposterior diameter of 10.1 ± 1.6mm, diameter of 14.3 ± 2.0mm, diameter of 6.5 ± 1 .4mm; ② Saddle hole shape is mainly round and oval two, the aperture: diameter of 7.0 ± 1.9mm; oval left and right diameter of 9.5 ± 1.8mm, anteroposterior diameter of 7.2 ± 1.4mm. Conclusion: The relationship between pituitary and internal carotid artery and the size of saddle hole have direct guiding significance for clinical practice.