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为进一步明确一般配合力（ｇｃａ） 和特殊配合力（ｓｃａ） 对杂交水稻性状表现的作用，并选育较好不育系和恢复系。选用４ 个不育系、３ 个恢复系按不完全双列杂交配组１２ 个组合， 测定了１１ 个产量与品质性状的配合力。结果表明， 杂交水稻大多数产量与品质性状主要受不育系和恢复系的一般配合力的控制， 同时受组合特殊配合力的影响， 而垩白面积则主要受特殊配合力的制约。双亲一般配合力均较高的， 所配组合该性状表现必定也好； 而且， 性状表现优良的组合不管其特殊配合力高低， 至少有一个亲本的一般配合力是偏高的。试验结果显示， 在供试范围内，中９Ａ 为较好的不育系， Ｍ７７ 为较好的恢复系， 而二者所配组合中９Ａ×Ｍ７７ 也为较优组合
In order to further clarify the effects of gca and sca on the performance of hybrid rice, we selected the best CMS lines and restorer lines. Four CMS lines and three restorer lines were selected according to 12 combinations of incomplete diallel cross combinations to determine the combining ability of 11 yield and quality traits. The results showed that most of the yield and quality traits of hybrid rice were mainly controlled by the general combining ability of CMS and restorer lines, and also affected by the special combining ability of the hybrids, while the chalky area was mainly controlled by the special combining ability. Parents with higher general combining ability, the performance of the combination with the performance must be Ye Hao; Moreover, excellent performance combinations regardless of the level of special combining ability, at least one of the parents of the general combining ability is high. The results showed that in the test range, 9A is the better sterile line, M77 is a better restorer line, and the combination of the two 9A × M77 is also a better combination