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语文现象并非“语言—言语”这么简单,因为语文是一种社会实践,在很大程度上要受社会所制约。如果说语文是一种工具,那么语言只是话语的工具,而话语才是社会领域里人与人交流的工具。话语交际性的几个方面:话语的概念系统:话语的思维方式;话语的价值准则。面对共同的言语作品,各门学科的目标与内容选择是不同的。哲学、科学选择的是真理,文学选择的是情感,语言学选择的是语言,而语文选择的则是话语。所谓教话语,其内容包括:学会识别各种社会文化语境,积累足以在某些社会领域进行交流的基本概念,学会话语的规则及策略,着重培养学生适应多元社会语境的语文能力。
The phenomenon of language is not as simple as “language-verbal” because language is a social practice and to a large extent is subject to social constraints. If we say that language is a tool, then language is only a tool of discourse, and discourse is the tool of communication between people in the social field. Several aspects of verbal communication: the conceptual system of discourse: the way of thinking of discourse; the value of discourse. Faced with common speech works, the objectives and content choices of different disciplines are different. Philosophy and science choose truth, literature chooses emotion, linguistics chooses language, and language chooses discourse. The so-called teaching discourse includes: learning to identify a variety of social and cultural contexts, accumulating basic concepts sufficient to communicate in certain social fields, learning the rules and strategies of discourse, and focusing on cultivating students’ language ability to adapt to a multi-cultural context.