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目的探讨太和县2011年手足口病流行病学特征,为制定和完善手足口病防治策略和措施提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法,对2011年全部2068例手足口病患者进行三间分布的描述。结果 2011年报告手足口病发病率为151.93/10万。该病全年散发,病例主要集中在4~8月,占71.18%。全县32个乡镇均有病例报告,其中男1348例,女720例,男女比例为1.87∶1,男性发病率高于女性,其差异有统计学意义(χ2=184.80,P<0.001)。5岁及以下儿童占95.45%。散居儿童占总发病数的76.69%,幼托儿童占19.49%。结论太和县手足口病的发生有较明显的季节、性别、年龄和职业差异。5岁以下散居儿童是手足口病防控的重点人群。应以托幼机构为重点场所,以农村为重点地区,加强疫情监测,广泛开展健康教育,提高卫生防病意识。
Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of hand, foot and mouth disease in Taihe County in 2011, and provide a scientific basis for the formulation and improvement of prevention and cure measures of hand, foot and mouth disease. Methods Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to describe the distribution of all 2068 hand, foot and mouth disease patients in 2011 with three distributions. Results The incidence of HFMD in 2011 was 151.93 / 100 000. The disease is distributed throughout the year, the cases mainly concentrated in 4 to August, accounting for 71.18%. The county’s 32 townships have reported cases, of which 1348 were male and 720 female, the male-female ratio was 1.87: 1, male incidence was higher than the female, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 184.80, P <0.001). Children aged 5 and below account for 95.45%. Diaspora accounted for 76.69% of the total number of cases, child care child care accounted for 19.49%. Conclusions The occurrence of HFMD in Taihe County has obvious seasonal, gender, age and occupational differences. Diarrhea children under the age of 5 are the key population for prevention and control of HFMD. Nursing and child care institutions should be the focus of places, focusing on rural areas, to strengthen epidemic surveillance, extensive health education, improve health awareness.