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目的分析定兴县2002-2012年疑似预防接种异常反应(adverse events following immunization,AEFI)的发生特征,为建立规范化预防接种安全监测体系提供依据。方法通过AEFI监测系统,收集我县2002-2012年AEFI 362例个案数据,采用描述性方法进行流行病学分析。结果 2002-2012年我县AEFI监测系统共收到362个案,其中一般反应329例,异常反应33例,另外偶合症1例。14种疫苗的一般反应以轻度的局部反应和发热为主要临床表现。全细胞百白破疫苗(DTwP)的一般反应报告率最高(142.16万),而且随接种针次的增多而升高。12种疫苗报告了异常反应,其中以DTwP、DT引起的无菌性脓肿最高23.48/10万,7.77/10万。结论加强预防接种规范化操作,掌握禁忌证,选用免疫效果好且安全性高的疫苗以减少预防接种不良反应的发生。继续加强AEFI监测的培训,提高报告敏感度。
Objective To analyze the occurrence characteristics of suspected AEFI in Dingxing County from 2002 to 2012, and provide the basis for establishing standardized vaccination safety monitoring system. Methods AEFI monitoring system was used to collect 362 cases of AEFI from 2002 to 2012 in our county, and the descriptive method was used for epidemiological analysis. Results A total of 362 cases were detected by AEFI monitoring system in our county from 2002 to 2012, of which 329 cases were general reaction, 33 cases were abnormal reaction and 1 case was coupled disease. The general response to 14 vaccines is characterized by mild local reactions and fever. The general response rate of whole cell diphtheriae vaccine (DTwP) was the highest (2.4216 million), and increased with the number of inoculation needles. Twelve kinds of vaccines reported abnormal reactions, of which DTwP and DT caused aseptic abscesses of up to 23.48 / 100000 and 7.77 / 100000. Conclusions Strengthen the standardized operation of vaccination, master the contraindications, and choose the vaccine with good immunization effect and high safety to reduce the occurrence of adverse reactions of vaccination. Continue to strengthen training on AEFI monitoring so as to enhance the sensitivity of reporting.