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冰草属(AgropyronGaertn.)的P组染色体被推测可能携带有抑制小麦Ph基因的遗传系统,但是相关的研究很少.本研究发现,在小麦-冰草附加系Ⅱ-21-2(附加1·4重组P染色体)的减数分裂中存在染色体联会异常的现象.对该附加系进行细胞遗传学和Ph1基因扩增等分析与检测,结果表明附加系Ⅱ-21-2的Ph1基因扩增正常,未见缺失;小麦-冰草附加系Ⅱ-21-2减数分裂中期每个花粉母细胞出现六价体或四价体的数目分别为0.41和0.13,而附加系受体小麦Fukuho减数分裂无染色体异常联会.双色GISH/FISH检测表明,附加系Ⅱ-21-2的P染色体不直接参与多价体的组成,多价体为小麦自身染色体构成.附加系Ⅱ-21-2的1·4重组P染色体能够抑制小麦Ph基因的作用,从而引起小麦部分同源染色体之间的联会,并造成包括小麦3B-3D等部分同源染色体之间的易位.小麦-冰草附加系的P染色体促进小麦部分同源染色体联会的作用或特性在未来小麦的遗传改良中具有潜在应用价值.
P group chromosome of AgropyronGaertn. Was presumed that it may carry the genetic system that inhibits the Ph gene in wheat, but few studies have been carried out.This study found that in the wheat-Agropyron additionⅡ-21-2 · 4 recombinant P chromosome) meiosis exists chromosomal association abnormal phenomenon of the additional line for cytogenetics and Ph1 gene amplification analysis and testing results showed that additional line Ⅱ-21-2 Ph1 gene amplification Increase normal, no missing; wheat - alder Addition lines Ⅱ-21-2 metaphase metaphase each pollen mother cells hexavalent or tetravalent number of the number of 0.41 and 0.13, respectively, while the additional lines of wheat receptor Fukuho Meiosis-free chromosome aberration association.The two-color GISH / FISH test showed that the additional chromosome Ⅱ-21-2 P chromosome does not directly participate in the composition of multivalent, multivalent body composition of wheat chromosomes.Additional lines Ⅱ-21- 2 1.4 recombinant P chromosome can inhibit the role of the wheat Ph gene, thus causing the association between some homologous chromosomes in wheat and resulting in the translocation between some homologous chromosomes including wheat 3B-3D, etc. Wheat-ice The P-chromosome of the grass attachment line promotes partial homologous chromosome association in wheat Effects or characteristics of potential use in future genetic improvement of wheat.